#pragma GCC optimize("O3") #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; using ll = long long; using P = pair; using T = tuple; template inline T chmax(T &a, const T b) {return a = (a < b) ? b : a;} template inline T chmin(T &a, const T b) {return a = (a > b) ? b : a;} constexpr int MOD = 1e9 + 7; constexpr int inf = 1e9; constexpr long long INF = 1e18; #define all(a) (a).begin(), (a).end() int dx[] = {1, 0, -1, 0}; int dy[] = {0, 1, 0, -1}; vector children_cnt(1000010); ll ans = 0; void dfs1(int cv, vector> &G){ int cnt = 1; for(auto nv : G[cv]){ dfs1(nv, G); cnt += children_cnt[nv]; } children_cnt[cv] = cnt; return ; } void dfs2(int cv, int passed_cnt, vector> &G){ ans += (children_cnt[cv] - 1) * passed_cnt; ans %= MOD; passed_cnt++; for(auto nv : G[cv]){ dfs2(nv, passed_cnt, G); } return ; } int main(){ cin.tie(0); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); int n; cin>>n; vector> G(n); set num; for(int i=0; i>a>>b; a--, b--; G[a].emplace_back(b); num.erase(b); } int root = *num.begin(); dfs1(root, G); dfs2(root, 1, G); cout << ans << endl; return 0; }