#include #define rep(i,n) for (int i = 0; i < (int)(n); i ++) #define irep(i,n) for (int i = (int)(n) - 1;i >= 0;--i) using namespace std; using ll = long long; using PL = pair; using P = pair; constexpr int INF = 1000000000; constexpr long long HINF = 1000000000000000; constexpr long long MOD = 1000000007;// = 998244353; constexpr double EPS = 1e-4; constexpr double PI = 3.14159265358979; int main() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); int N,Q; cin >> N >> Q; vector A(N + 1); rep(i,N) cin >> A[i + 1]; A[0] = 0; rep(i,N) A[i + 1] ^= A[i]; rep(i,Q) { int l,r; cin >> l >> r; --l; cout << (A[r]^A[l]) << '\n'; } return 0; }