#pragma GCC optimize ("Ofast") #include using namespace std; #define MD (1000000007U) void *wmem; char memarr[96000000]; template inline void walloc1d(T **arr, int x, void **mem = &wmem){ static int skip[16] = {0, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1}; (*mem) = (void*)( ((char*)(*mem)) + skip[((unsigned long long)(*mem)) & 15] ); (*arr)=(T*)(*mem); (*mem)=((*arr)+x); } struct Modint{ unsigned val; Modint(){ val=0; } Modint(int a){ val = ord(a); } Modint(unsigned a){ val = ord(a); } Modint(long long a){ val = ord(a); } Modint(unsigned long long a){ val = ord(a); } inline unsigned ord(unsigned a){ return a%MD; } inline unsigned ord(int a){ a %= (int)MD; if(a < 0){ a += MD; } return a; } inline unsigned ord(unsigned long long a){ return a%MD; } inline unsigned ord(long long a){ a %= (int)MD; if(a < 0){ a += MD; } return a; } inline unsigned get(){ return val; } inline Modint &operator+=(Modint a){ val += a.val; if(val >= MD){ val -= MD; } return *this; } inline Modint &operator-=(Modint a){ if(val < a.val){ val = val + MD - a.val; } else{ val -= a.val; } return *this; } inline Modint &operator*=(Modint a){ val = ((unsigned long long)val*a.val)%MD; return *this; } inline Modint &operator/=(Modint a){ return *this *= a.inverse(); } inline Modint operator+(Modint a){ return Modint(*this)+=a; } inline Modint operator-(Modint a){ return Modint(*this)-=a; } inline Modint operator*(Modint a){ return Modint(*this)*=a; } inline Modint operator/(Modint a){ return Modint(*this)/=a; } inline Modint operator+(int a){ return Modint(*this)+=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator-(int a){ return Modint(*this)-=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator*(int a){ return Modint(*this)*=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator/(int a){ return Modint(*this)/=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator+(long long a){ return Modint(*this)+=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator-(long long a){ return Modint(*this)-=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator*(long long a){ return Modint(*this)*=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator/(long long a){ return Modint(*this)/=Modint(a); } inline Modint operator-(void){ Modint res; if(val){ res.val=MD-val; } else{ res.val=0; } return res; } inline operator bool(void){ return val!=0; } inline operator int(void){ return get(); } inline operator long long(void){ return get(); } inline Modint inverse(){ int a = val; int b = MD; int u = 1; int v = 0; int t; Modint res; while(b){ t = a / b; a -= t * b; swap(a, b); u -= t * v; swap(u, v); } if(u < 0){ u += MD; } res.val = u; return res; } inline Modint pw(unsigned long long b){ Modint a(*this); Modint res; res.val = 1; while(b){ if(b&1){ res *= a; } b >>= 1; a *= a; } return res; } inline bool operator==(int a){ return ord(a)==val; } inline bool operator!=(int a){ return ord(a)!=val; } } ; inline Modint operator+(int a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)+=b; } inline Modint operator-(int a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)-=b; } inline Modint operator*(int a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)*=b; } inline Modint operator/(int a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)/=b; } inline Modint operator+(long long a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)+=b; } inline Modint operator-(long long a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)-=b; } inline Modint operator*(long long a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)*=b; } inline Modint operator/(long long a, Modint b){ return Modint(a)/=b; } inline int my_getchar_unlocked(){ static char buf[1048576]; static int s = 1048576; static int e = 1048576; if(s == e && e == 1048576){ e = fread_unlocked(buf, 1, 1048576, stdin); s = 0; } if(s == e){ return EOF; } return buf[s++]; } inline void rd(int &x){ int k; int m=0; x=0; for(;;){ k = my_getchar_unlocked(); if(k=='-'){ m=1; break; } if('0'<=k&&k<='9'){ x=k-'0'; break; } } for(;;){ k = my_getchar_unlocked(); if(k<'0'||k>'9'){ break; } x=x*10+k-'0'; } if(m){ x=-x; } } struct MY_WRITER{ char buf[1048576]; int s; int e; MY_WRITER(){ s = 0; e = 1048576; } ~MY_WRITER(){ if(s){ fwrite_unlocked(buf, 1, s, stdout); } } } ; MY_WRITER MY_WRITER_VAR; void my_putchar_unlocked(int a){ if(MY_WRITER_VAR.s == MY_WRITER_VAR.e){ fwrite_unlocked(MY_WRITER_VAR.buf, 1, MY_WRITER_VAR.s, stdout); MY_WRITER_VAR.s = 0; } MY_WRITER_VAR.buf[MY_WRITER_VAR.s++] = a; } inline void wt_L(char a){ my_putchar_unlocked(a); } inline void wt_L(int x){ int s=0; int m=0; char f[10]; if(x<0){ m=1; x=-x; } while(x){ f[s++]=x%10; x/=10; } if(!s){ f[s++]=0; } if(m){ my_putchar_unlocked('-'); } while(s--){ my_putchar_unlocked(f[s]+'0'); } } inline void wt_L(Modint x){ int i; i = (int)x; wt_L(i); } template inline T pow_L(T a, S b){ T res = 1; res = 1; for(;;){ if(b&1){ res *= a; } b >>= 1; if(b==0){ break; } a *= a; } return res; } inline double pow_L(double a, double b){ return pow(a,b); } template inline void arrInsert(const int k, int &sz, S a[], const S aval){ int i; sz++; for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ a[i] = a[i-1]; } a[k] = aval; } template inline void arrInsert(const int k, int &sz, S a[], const S aval, T b[], const T bval){ int i; sz++; for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ a[i] = a[i-1]; } for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ b[i] = b[i-1]; } a[k] = aval; b[k] = bval; } template inline void arrInsert(const int k, int &sz, S a[], const S aval, T b[], const T bval, U c[], const U cval){ int i; sz++; for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ a[i] = a[i-1]; } for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ b[i] = b[i-1]; } for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ c[i] = c[i-1]; } a[k] = aval; b[k] = bval; c[k] = cval; } template inline void arrInsert(const int k, int &sz, S a[], const S aval, T b[], const T bval, U c[], const U cval, V d[], const V dval){ int i; sz++; for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ a[i] = a[i-1]; } for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ b[i] = b[i-1]; } for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ c[i] = c[i-1]; } for(i=sz-1;i>k;i--){ d[i] = d[i-1]; } a[k] = aval; b[k] = bval; c[k] = cval; d[k] = dval; } struct unionFind{ int *d; int N; int M; inline void malloc(const int n){ d = (int*)std::malloc(n*sizeof(int)); M = n; } inline void malloc(const int n, const int fg){ d = (int*)std::malloc(n*sizeof(int)); M = n; if(fg){ init(n); } } inline void free(void){ std::free(d); } inline void walloc(const int n, void **mem=&wmem){ walloc1d(&d, n, mem); M = n; } inline void walloc(const int n, const int fg, void **mem=&wmem){ walloc1d(&d, n, mem); M = n; if(fg){ init(n); } } inline void init(const int n){ int i; N = n; for(i=(0);i<(n);i++){ d[i] = -1; } } inline void init(void){ init(M); } inline int get(int a){ int t = a; int k; while(d[t]>=0){ t=d[t]; } while(d[a]>=0){ k=d[a]; d[a]=t; a=k; } return a; } inline int connect(int a, int b){ if(d[a]>=0){ a=get(a); } if(d[b]>=0){ b=get(b); } if(a==b){ return 0; } if(d[a] < d[b]){ d[a] += d[b]; d[b] = a; } else{ d[b] += d[a]; d[a] = b; } return 1; } inline int operator()(int a){ return get(a); } inline int operator()(int a, int b){ return connect(a,b); } inline int& operator[](const int a){ return d[a]; } inline int size(int a){ a = get(a); return -d[a]; } inline int sizeList(int res[]){ int i; int sz=0; for(i=(0);i<(N);i++){ if(d[i]<0){ res[sz++] = -d[i]; } } return sz; } } ; struct graph{ int N; int *es; int **edge; void setEdge(int N__, int M, int A[], int B[], void **mem = &wmem){ int i; N = N__; walloc1d(&es, N, mem); walloc1d(&edge, N, mem); for(i=(0);i<(N);i++){ es[i] = 0; } for(i=(0);i<(M);i++){ es[A[i]]++; es[B[i]]++; } for(i=(0);i<(N);i++){ walloc1d(&edge[i], es[i], mem); } for(i=(0);i<(N);i++){ es[i] = 0; } for(i=(0);i<(M);i++){ edge[A[i]][es[A[i]]++] = B[i]; edge[B[i]][es[B[i]]++] = A[i]; } } void getDist(int root, int res[], void *mem = wmem){ int i; int j; int k; int*q; int s; int z; walloc1d(&q, N, &mem); for(i=(0);i<(N);i++){ res[i]=-1; } res[root]=0; s=0; z=1; q[0]=root; while(z){ i=q[s++]; z--; for(j=(0);j<(es[i]);j++){ k=edge[i][j]; if(res[k]>=0){ continue; } res[k]=res[i]+1; q[s+z++]=k; } } } void SubTreeSize(int root, int res[], void *mem = wmem){ int i; int j; int k; int m; int *q; int qs = 0; int qe = 1; walloc1d(&q,N,&mem); for(i=(0);i<(N);i++){ res[i] = -1; } res[root] = 0; q[0] = root; while(qs < qe){ i = q[qs++]; for(j=(0);j<(es[i]);j++){ k = edge[i][j]; if(res[k]==0){ continue; } res[k] = 0; q[qe++] = k; } } for(m=(N)-1;m>=(0);m--){ i = q[m]; res[i] = 1; for(j=(0);j<(es[i]);j++){ k = edge[i][j]; res[i] += res[k]; } } } } ; int N; int M; int X; int A[200000]; int B[200000]; int Z[200000]; graph g; int sz[200000]; int dep[200000]; int main(){ wmem = memarr; int i; int j; int k = 0; unionFind uf; Modint res = 0; rd(N); rd(M); rd(X); { int Lj4PdHRW; for(Lj4PdHRW=(0);Lj4PdHRW<(M);Lj4PdHRW++){ rd(A[Lj4PdHRW]);A[Lj4PdHRW] += (-1); rd(B[Lj4PdHRW]);B[Lj4PdHRW] += (-1); rd(Z[Lj4PdHRW]); } } uf.malloc(N, 1); for(i=(0);i<(M);i++){ if(uf(A[i],B[i])){ arrInsert(k, k, A, A[i], B, B[i], Z, Z[i]); } } g.setEdge(N, N-1, A, B); g.SubTreeSize(0, sz); g.getDist(0, dep); for(i=(0);i<(N-1);i++){ if(dep[A[i]] < dep[B[i]]){ swap(A[i], B[i]); } res += ((pow_L(Modint(X),Z[i]))) * sz[A[i]] * (N-sz[A[i]]); } wt_L(res); wt_L('\n'); return 0; } // cLay varsion 20200813-1 [beta] // --- original code --- // int N, M, X, A[2d5], B[2d5], Z[2d5]; // graph g; // int sz[2d5], dep[2d5]; // { // int i, j, k = 0; // unionFind uf; // Modint res = 0; // rd(N,M,X,(A--,B--,Z)(M)); // uf.malloc(N, 1); // rep(i,M) if(uf(A[i],B[i])) arrInsert(k, k, A, A[i], B, B[i], Z, Z[i]); // // g.setEdge(N, N-1, A, B); // g.SubTreeSize(0, sz); // g.getDist(0, dep); // // rep(i,N-1){ // if(dep[A[i]] < dep[B[i]]) swap(A[i], B[i]); // res += (Modint(X) ** Z[i]) * sz[A[i]] * (N-sz[A[i]]); // } // // wt(res); // }