import algorithm, deques, heapqueue, math, sets, sequtils, strutils, sugar, tables proc input*(): string = return stdin.readLine proc chmax*[T: SomeNumber](num0: var T, num1: T) = num0 = max(num0, num1) proc chmin*[T: SomeNumber](num0: var T, num1: T) = num0 = min(num0, num1) type HeavyLightDecomposition* = ref object graph: seq[seq[Natural]] path_root, path_parent, left, right: seq[Natural] proc initHeavyLightdecomposition*(size: Positive): HeavyLightDecomposition = var graph = newSeqWith(size, newSeq[Natural]()) empty_seq = newSeq[Natural]() return HeavyLightDecomposition(graph: graph, path_root: empty_seq, path_parent: empty_seq, left: empty_seq, right: empty_seq) proc add_edge*(self: var HeavyLightDecomposition, a, b: Natural) = self.graph[a].add(b) self.graph[b].add(a) proc build*(self: var HeavyLightDecomposition, root: Natural) = var stack = @[(root, root)] q = newSeq[Natural]() v, p: Natural while stack.len != 0: (v, p) = stack.pop() q.add(v) for i, to in self.graph[v]: if to == p: self.graph[v][i] = self.graph[v][^1] let _ = self.graph[v].pop() break for to in self.graph[v]: stack.add((to, v)) let n = self.graph.len var size = newSeqWith(n, 1) for v in reversed(q): for i, to in self.graph[v]: size[v] += size[to] if size[self.graph[v][0]] < size[to]: (self.graph[v][0], self.graph[v][i]) = (self.graph[v][i], self.graph[v][0]) var path_root = newSeqWith(n, root) path_parent = newSeqWith(n, root) left = newSeq[Natural](n) right = newSeq[Natural](n) k = 0 stack1 = @[(root, 0)] op: int while stack1.len != 0: (v, op) = stack1.pop() if op == 1: right[v] = k continue left[v] = k inc k stack1.add((v, 1)) if 1 < self.graph[v].len: for i, to in self.graph[v][1..^1]: path_root[to] = to path_parent[to] = v stack1.add((to, 0)) if self.graph[v].len != 0: let to = self.graph[v][0] path_root[to] = path_root[v] path_parent[to] = path_parent[v] stack1.add((to, 0)) self.path_root = path_root self.path_parent = path_parent self.left = left self.right = right proc sub_tree*(self: var HeavyLightDecomposition, v: Natural): (Natural, Natural) = return (self.left[v], self.right[v]) proc path*(self: var HeavyLightDecomposition, v, u: Natural): seq[(Natural, int)] = var x = v y = u res = newSeq[(Natural, int)]() while self.path_root[x] != self.path_root[y]: if self.left[x] < self.left[y]: let p = self.path_root[y] res.add((self.left[p], self.left[y] + 1)) y = self.path_parent[y] else: let p = self.path_root[x] res.add((self.left[p], self.left[x] + 1)) x = self.path_parent[x] res.add((min(self.left[x], self.left[y]), max(self.left[x], self.left[y]) + 1)) return res proc bit_length(n: Natural): Natural = const BIT_SIZE = 24 if n == 0: return 0 let s = toBin(n, BIT_SIZE) return BIT_SIZE - s.find('1') type LazySegmentTree*[T, K] = ref object LV: Natural N0: Positive ide_ele: T lazy_ide_ele: K data: seq[T] lazy_data: seq[K] segfunc: proc (a, b: T): T proc initLazySegmentTree*[T, K](size: Positive, ide_ele: T, lazy_ide_ele: K, f: proc (a, b: T): T): LazySegmentTree[T, K] = var LV = bit_length(size - 1) N0 = 1 shl LV data = newSeqWith(2*N0, ide_ele) lazy_data = newSeqWith(2*N0, lazy_ide_ele) return LazySegmentTree[T, K](LV: LV, N0: N0, ide_ele: ide_ele, lazy_ide_ele: lazy_ide_ele, data: data, lazy_data: lazy_data, segfunc: f) proc toLazySegmentTree*[T, K](init_value: openArray[T], ide_ele: T, lazy_ide_ele: K, f: proc (a, b: T): T): LazySegmentTree[T, K] = var LV = bit_length(init_value.len - 1) N0 = 1 shl LV data = newSeqWith(2*N0, ide_ele) lazy_data = newSeqWith(2*N0, lazy_ide_ele) for i, x in init_value: data[i + N0 - 1] = x for i in countdown(N0 - 2, 0): data[i] = f(data[2*i + 1], data[2*i + 2]) return LazySegmentTree[T, K](LV: LV, N0: N0, ide_ele: ide_ele, lazy_ide_ele: lazy_ide_ele, data: data, lazy_data: lazy_data, segfunc: f) iterator gindex*[T, K](self: var LazySegmentTree[T, K], left, right: Natural): Natural = var L = (left + self.N0) shr 1 R = (right + self.N0) shr 1 lc = if (left and 1) == 1: 0 else: bit_length(L and -L) rc = if (right and 1) == 1: 0 else: bit_length(R and -R) for i in 0.. a + b) let Q = input().parseInt var a, b, ans: int for _ in 0..