/** * author: nok0 * created: 2020.10.09 22:41:42 **/ #ifdef LOCAL #define _GLIBCXX_DEBUG #endif #include using namespace std; #pragma region Macros #define FOR(i, l, r) for(int i = (l); i < (r); ++i) #define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, n) #define REPS(i, n) FOR(i, 1, n + 1) #define RFOR(i, l, r) for(int i = (l); i >= (r); --i) #define RREP(i, n) RFOR(i, n - 1, 0) #define RREPS(i, n) RFOR(i, n, 1) #define pb push_back #define eb emplace_back #define SZ(x) ((int)(x).size()) #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define rall(x) (x).rbegin(), (x).rend() template using V = vector; template using VV = V>; using ll = long long; using ld = long double; using pii = pair; using pll = pair; #define VEC(type, name, size) \ V name(size); \ IN(name) #define VVEC(type, name, h, w) \ VV name(h, V(w)); \ IN(name) #define INT(...) \ int __VA_ARGS__; \ IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) \ ll __VA_ARGS__; \ IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define STR(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define CHAR(...) \ char __VA_ARGS__; \ IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define DOUBLE(...) \ DOUBLE __VA_ARGS__; \ IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define LD(...) \ LD __VA_ARGS__; \ IN(__VA_ARGS__) void scan(int &a) { cin >> a; } void scan(long long &a) { cin >> a; } void scan(char &a) { cin >> a; } void scan(double &a) { cin >> a; } void scan(long double &a) { cin >> a; } void scan(char a[]) { scanf("%s", a); } void scan(string &a) { cin >> a; } template void scan(V &); template void scan(pair &); template void scan(V &a) { for(auto &i : a) scan(i); } template void scan(pair &p) { scan(p.first); scan(p.second); } template void scan(T &a) { cin >> a; } void IN() {} template void IN(Head &head, Tail &... tail) { scan(head); IN(tail...); } template inline void print(T x) { cout << x << '\n'; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, pair &p) { is >> p.first >> p.second; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair &p) { os << p.first << " " << p.second; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const V &v) { REP(i, SZ(v)) { if(i) os << " "; os << v[i]; } return os; } //debug template void view(const V &v) { cerr << "{ "; for(const auto &e : v) { cerr << e << ", "; } cerr << "\b\b }"; } template void view(const VV &vv) { cerr << "{\n"; for(const auto &v : vv) { cerr << "\t"; view(v); cerr << "\n"; } cerr << "}"; } template void view(const V> &v) { cerr << "{\n"; for(const auto &c : v) cerr << "\t(" << c.first << ", " << c.second << ")\n"; cerr << "}"; } template void view(const map &m) { cerr << "{\n"; for(auto &t : m) cerr << "\t[" << t.first << "] : " << t.second << "\n"; cerr << "}"; } template void view(const pair &p) { cerr << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")"; } template void view(const set &s) { cerr << "{ "; for(auto &t : s) { view(t); cerr << ", "; } cerr << "\b\b }"; } template void view(T e) { cerr << e; } #ifdef LOCAL void debug_out() {} template void debug_out(Head H, Tail... T) { view(H); cerr << ", "; debug_out(T...); } #define debug(...) \ do { \ cerr << __LINE__ << " [" << #__VA_ARGS__ << "] : ["; \ debug_out(__VA_ARGS__); \ cerr << "\b\b]\n"; \ } while(0) #else #define debug(...) (void(0)) #endif template V press(V &x) { V res = x; sort(all(res)); res.erase(unique(all(res)), res.end()); REP(i, SZ(x)) { x[i] = lower_bound(all(res), x[i]) - res.begin(); } return res; } template inline bool chmin(T &a, T b) { if(a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } template inline bool chmax(T &a, T b) { if(a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } inline void Yes(bool b = true) { cout << (b ? "Yes" : "No") << '\n'; } inline void YES(bool b = true) { cout << (b ? "YES" : "NO") << '\n'; } inline void err(bool b = true) { if(b) { cout << -1 << '\n'; exit(0); } } template inline void fin(bool b = true, T e = 0) { if(b) { cout << e << '\n'; exit(0); } } template T divup(T x, T y) { return (x + (y - 1)) / y; } template T pow(T a, long long n, T e = 1) { T ret = e; while(n) { if(n & 1) ret *= a; a *= a; n >>= 1; } return ret; } struct iofast { iofast() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); cout << fixed << setprecision(15); } } iofast_; const int inf = 1e9; const ll INF = 1e18; #pragma endregion // Graph Template struct Edge { long long to, cost; Edge(long long to, long long cost) : to(to), cost(cost) {} bool operator<(const Edge &a) const { return cost < a.cost; } }; using Graph = std::vector>; using WGraph = std::vector>; void Read_Graph(Graph &g, int m, bool directed = false) { for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) { long long u, v; std::cin >> u >> v; u--; v--; g[u].push_back(v); if(!directed) g[v].push_back(u); } } void Read_Tree(Graph &g, bool directed = false) { Read_Graph(g, g.size() - 1, directed); } void Read_Graph(WGraph &g, int m, bool directed = false) { for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) { long long u, v, c; std::cin >> u >> v >> c; u--; v--; g[u].push_back({v, c}); if(!directed) g[v].push_back({u, c}); } } void Read_Tree(WGraph &g, bool directed = false) { Read_Graph(g, g.size() - 1, directed); } typedef vector VI; typedef vector VVI; typedef pair PI; // res: bridges // v: current node // from: parent node int dfs(VVI &g, vector &res, int v, int &count, int from, VI &low, VI &pre) { pre[v] = count++; low[v] = pre[v]; for(VI::iterator it = g[v].begin(); it != g[v].end(); it++) { int to = *it; if(pre[to] == -1) { // destination has not been visited // visit destination and update low[v] low[v] = min(low[v], dfs(g, res, to, count, v, low, pre)); if(low[to] == pre[to]) { // edge is not contained in a closed path -> bridge res.push_back(make_pair(v, to)); } } else { if(from == to) { // ignore a path to parent continue; } low[v] = min(low[v], low[to]); } } return low[v]; } // Calculate bridges in a undirected graph. // Assume graph is connected and has no parallel edges or self-loops. // g: adjacency list // V: number of nodes vector bridges(VVI &g, int V) { vector res; if(V > 0) { // assume at least the first vertex exists VI low(V, -1); // lowest reacheable index VI pre(V, -1); // pre-order index int count = 0; // pre-order index counter dfs(g, res, 0, count, -1, low, pre); // start dfs from vertex 0 } return res; } int main() { INT(n); Graph G(n); map mp; REP(i, n) { INT(a, b); a--, b--; G[a].pb(b); G[b].pb(a); if(a > b) swap(a, b); mp[{a, b}] = i; } auto res = bridges(G, n); for(auto v : res) { if(v.first > v.second) swap(v.second, v.first); mp[{v.first, v.second}] = -1; } V<> ans; for(auto v : mp) { if(v.second != -1) ans.pb(v.second + 1); } print(SZ(ans)); print(ans); }