fn main() {
    let v = read_vec::<usize>();
    let (n, q) = (v[0], v[1]);
    let a = read_vec::<i64>();
    let mut queries = vec![];
    for _ in 0..q {
        let v = read_vec::<usize>();
        let (l, r) = (v[0] - 1, v[1] - 1);
        queries.push((l, r));
    }
    let max_bit = 17;
    let mut count = vec![vec![0; n + 1]; max_bit + 1];
    for bi in 0..max_bit {
        for i in 0..n {
            count[bi][i + 1] = count[bi][i];
            if (a[i] >> bi) & 1 == 1 {
                count[bi][i + 1] += 1;
            }
        }
    }

    for (l, r) in queries {
        let mut ans = 0;
        for bi in 0..max_bit {
            if (count[bi][r + 1] - count[bi][l]) % 2 == 1 {
                ans += 1 << bi;
            }
        }
        println!("{}", ans);
    }
}

fn read<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> T {
    let mut s = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut s).ok();
    s.trim().parse().ok().unwrap()
}

fn read_vec<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    read::<String>()
        .split_whitespace()
        .map(|e| e.parse().ok().unwrap())
        .collect()
}