import sys
lines = sys.stdin.readlines()

N, M, T = map(int, lines[0].split())
assert len(lines) == M + 1
assert 1<=N<=100
assert 0<=M<=10000
assert 0<=T<=10**18

for line in lines[1:]:
    a, b = map(int, line.split())
    assert 0<=a<=N
    assert 0<=b<=N