#!/usr/bin/env pypy3
import sys
import array

#https://yukicoder.me/submissions/385244 の移植
def add(bit,x,v):
    n=len(bit)
    while x<n:
        bit[x]+=v
        x+=x&-x


def acc(bit,x):
    a=0
    while x>0:
        a+=bit[x]
        x&=x-1
    return a

def bit_manip(n,points,queries,fstsgn,sndsgn):
    total=0
    acts=[None]*(len(points)+len(queries))
    pos=0
    for x,y in points:
        acts[pos]=(x*fstsgn,y*sndsgn,1)
        pos+=1
    for x,y in queries:
        acts[pos]=(x*fstsgn,y*sndsgn,0)
        pos+=1
    acts.sort()
    bit=array.array('l',[0])*(n+1)
    count=0
    for x,y,k in acts:
        if k:
            add(bit,y*sndsgn,1)
            count+=1
        else:
            if sndsgn==-1:
                total+=count-acc(bit,-y-1)
            else:
                total+=acc(bit,y)
    return total
                

def main():
    input=sys.stdin.readline
    n=int(input().rstrip())
    a=list(map(int,input().split()))

    if a[n-2]<a[n-1]:
        a.append(0)
    else:
        a.append(n+2)
    if a[0]<a[1]:
        a.append(n+2)
    else:
        a.append(0)
    downs=[]
    ups=[]
    lany=[]
    hany=[]
    for i in range(n):
        if a[i]<a[i+1]:
            #でこ
            b=min(a[i-1],a[i+1])
            downs.append((a[i],b))
            lany.append((b,a[i]))
        else:
            #ぼこ
            b=max(a[i-1],a[i+1])
            ups.append((a[i],b))
            hany.append((b,a[i]))
    total=0
    #凹凹
    total+=bit_manip(n,downs,lany,1,-1)
    #凸凹
    total+=bit_manip(n,ups,lany,1,1)
    #凹凸
    total+=bit_manip(n,downs,hany,-1,-1)
    #凸凸
    total+=bit_manip(n,ups,hany,-1,1)

    print((total-n)//2)

main()