#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #pragma warning(disable:4996) //#define ATCODER #ifdef ATCODER #include #endif typedef long long ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; #define LINF 9223300000000000000 #define LINF2 1223300000000000000 #define LINF3 1000000000000 #define INF 2140000000 //const long long MOD = 1000000007; const long long MOD = 998244353; using namespace std; #ifdef ATCODER using namespace atcoder; #endif template class BIT // 1-indexed (0 is not used) { private: int num; vector bit; public: BIT(int n) :bit(vector(n + 1, make_pair(0,0))), num(n) {} T sum(int i) { // sum of 1..i if (!i) return make_pair(0,0); auto tmp0 = bit[i]; auto tmp1 = sum(i - (i&-i)); return make_pair((tmp0.first + tmp1.first)%MOD, (tmp0.second + tmp1.second) % MOD); } void add(int i, T x) { if (i > num) return; bit[i].first += x.first; bit[i].first %= MOD; bit[i].second += x.second; bit[i].second %= MOD; add(i + (i&-i), x); } int lower_bound(T x) { T res = 0; int N = 1; while (N < num) N *= 2; int i; for (i = N / 2; i > 0; i /= 2) { if (res + i < num && bit[res + i] < x) { x = x - bit[res + i]; res = res + i; } } return res + 1; } }; void solve() { int n; scanf("%d", &n); vector a(n); map mp; int i; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &a[i]); mp[a[i]] = 0; } auto it = mp.begin(); vector vmp; int cnt = 0; for (; it != mp.end(); ++it) { cnt++; it->second = cnt; vmp.push_back(it->first); } ll ans = 0; int num = cnt; BIT > bit(num); BIT > bit2(num); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { auto tmp0=bit.sum(num); auto tmp1=bit.sum(mp[a[i]]); auto tmp2 = make_pair((tmp0.first - tmp1.first+MOD)%MOD, (tmp0.second - tmp1.second+MOD)%MOD); ll val = (tmp2.second + a[i] * tmp2.first %MOD) % MOD; //printf("%lld\n", val); auto tmp20 = bit2.sum(num); auto tmp21 = bit2.sum(mp[a[i]]); auto tmp22 = make_pair((tmp20.first - tmp21.first+MOD)%MOD, (tmp20.second - tmp21.second + MOD) % MOD); ll val2 = (tmp22.second + a[i] * tmp22.first %MOD) % MOD; ans = (ans + val2) % MOD; //printf("%lld\n", val); bit2.add(mp[a[i]], make_pair(tmp2.first, val)); bit.add(mp[a[i]], make_pair(1,(ll)a[i])); } printf("%lld\n", ans); return; } int main() { #if 1 solve(); #else int T; scanf("%d", &T); int t; for (t = 0; t < T; t++) { //printf("Case #%d: ", t + 1); solve(); } #endif return 0; }