#pragma GCC optimize ("O3") #include using namespace std; using ll = long long int; #define all(v) (v).begin(),(v).end() #define repeat(cnt,l) for(typename remove_const::type>::type cnt={};(cnt)<(l);++(cnt)) #define rrepeat(cnt,l) for(auto cnt=(l)-1;0<=(cnt);--(cnt)) #define iterate(cnt,b,e) for(auto cnt=(b);(cnt)!=(e);++(cnt)) #define diterate(cnt,b,e) for(auto cnt=(b);(cnt)!=(e);--(cnt)) const long long MD = 998244353; const long double PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795L; template inline ostream& operator <<(ostream &o, const pair p) { o << '(' << p.first << ':' << p.second << ')'; return o; } template inline T& chmax(T& to, const T& val) { return to = max(to, val); } template inline T& chmin(T& to, const T& val) { return to = min(to, val); } void bye(string s, int code = 0) { cout << s << endl; exit(code); } mt19937_64 randdev(8901016); template::value>::type* = nullptr> inline T rand(T l, T h, Random& rand = randdev) { return uniform_int_distribution(l, h)(rand); } template::value>::type* = nullptr> inline T rand(T l, T h, Random& rand = randdev) { return uniform_real_distribution(l, h)(rand); }template static ostream& operator<<(ostream& o, const std::vector& v) { o << "[ "; for(const auto& e : v) o< struct MyRangeFormat{ I b,e; MyRangeFormat(I _b, I _e):b(_b),e(_e){} }; template static ostream& operator<<(ostream& o, const MyRangeFormat& f) { o << "[ "; iterate(i,f.b,f.e) o<<*i<<' '; return o << ']'; } template struct MyMatrixFormat{ const I& p; long long n, m; MyMatrixFormat(const I& _p, long long _n, long long _m):p(_p),n(_n),m(_m){} }; template static ostream& operator<<(ostream& o, const MyMatrixFormat& f) { o<<'\n'; repeat(i,(f.n)) { repeat(j,f.m) o<(m,m+w)) #define FMTR(b,e) (MyRangeFormat(b,e)) #define FMTV(v) FMTR(v.begin(),v.end()) #define FMTM(m,h,w) (MyMatrixFormat(m,h,w)) #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64) #define getc_x _getc_nolock #define putc_x _putc_nolock #elif defined(__GNUC__) #define getc_x getc_unlocked #define putc_x putc_unlocked #else #define getc_x getc #define putc_x putc #endif class MaiScanner { FILE* fp_; constexpr bool isvisiblechar(char c) noexcept { return (0x21<=(c)&&(c)<=0x7E); } public: inline MaiScanner(FILE* fp):fp_(fp){} template void input_integer(T& var) noexcept { var = 0; T sign = 1; int cc = getc_x(fp_); for (; cc < '0' || '9' < cc; cc = getc_x(fp_)) if (cc == '-') sign = -1; for (; '0' <= cc && cc <= '9'; cc = getc_x(fp_)) var = (var << 3) + (var << 1) + cc - '0'; var = var * sign; } inline int c() noexcept { return getc_x(fp_); } template::value, nullptr_t>::type = nullptr> inline MaiScanner& operator>>(T& var) noexcept { input_integer(var); return *this; } inline MaiScanner& operator>>(string& var) { int cc = getc_x(fp_); for (; !isvisiblechar(cc); cc = getc_x(fp_)); for (; isvisiblechar(cc); cc = getc_x(fp_)) var.push_back(cc); return *this; } template inline void in(IT begin, IT end) { for (auto it = begin; it != end; ++it) *this >> *it; } }; class MaiPrinter { FILE* fp_; public: inline MaiPrinter(FILE* fp):fp_(fp){} template void output_integer(T var) noexcept { if (var == 0) { putc_x('0', fp_); return; } if (var < 0) putc_x('-', fp_), var = -var; char stack[32]; int stack_p = 0; while (var) stack[stack_p++] = '0' + (var % 10), var /= 10; while (stack_p) putc_x(stack[--stack_p], fp_); } inline MaiPrinter& operator<<(char c) noexcept { putc_x(c, fp_); return *this; } template::value, nullptr_t>::type = nullptr> inline MaiPrinter& operator<<(T var) noexcept { output_integer(var); return *this; } inline MaiPrinter& operator<<(char* str_p) noexcept { while (*str_p) putc_x(*(str_p++), fp_); return *this; } inline MaiPrinter& operator<<(const string& str) { const char* p = str.c_str(); const char* l = p + str.size(); while (p < l) putc_x(*p++, fp_); return *this; } template void join(IT begin, IT end, char sep = ' ') { for (bool b = 0; begin != end; ++begin, b = 1) b ? *this << sep << *begin : *this << *begin; } }; MaiScanner scanner(stdin); MaiPrinter printer(stdout); template class Bitree { const int size_; vector data_; static int nlz(uint32_t x) { union { uint32_t i; float f; } data; data.f = (float)x + 0.5; return 158 - (data.i >> 23); } public: Bitree(int size_) : size_(size_), data_(size_ + 1) {} // 1..rの範囲の値の和を求める. T sum(int r) const { T s = 0; while (r) { s += data_[r]; r -= r & -r; // r&-r と書くことで最下のビットを得る } return s; } // l..rの範囲の値の和を求める inline T sum(int l, int r) const { return sum(r) - sum(l - 1); } // i番目の値を求める(1index) T get(int i) const { int j = i - 1; T s = 0; while (i != j) { s += data_[i] - data_[j]; i -= i & -i; j -= j & -j; } return s; } // idxの要素の値をval増やす void add(int idx, T val) { while (idx <= size_) { data_[idx] += val; idx += idx & -idx; } } // sum(i)がvalを超える最初のiを返す // get(j)<0となるjが存在すると正しく動作しない int upper_bound(T val) const { int li = 1 << (31 - nlz(size_)); int p = 0; T d = 0; while (li && p < size_) { T k = data_[p | li]; if (!(val < d + k)) p |= li, d += k; li >>= 1; } if (p > size_) p = size_; return p + 1; } // sum(i)がval以上である最初のiを返す // get(j)<0となるjが存在すると正しく動作しない int lower_bound(T val) const { int li = 1 << (31 - nlz(size_)); int p = 0; T d = 0; while (li && p < size_) { T k = data_[p | li]; if (d + k < val) p |= li, d += k; li >>= 1; } if (p > size_) p = size_; return p + 1; } }; class llmod { private: using value_type = long long; value_type val_; // inline ll cut(ll v) const { return ((v%MOD) + MOD) % MOD; } // safe public: static const value_type MOD = 1000000007; // <= llmod() : val_(0) {} llmod(value_type num) : val_(((num % MOD) + MOD) % MOD) {} inline operator value_type() const { return val_; } inline value_type operator*() const { return val_; } inline llmod& operator=(const llmod& lm) { val_ = lm.val_; return *this; } inline llmod& operator=(value_type v) { val_ = (v) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod& operator+=(value_type v) { val_ = (val_ + v) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod& operator+=(const llmod& l) { val_ = (val_ + l.val_) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod& operator-=(value_type v) { val_ = (val_ - v + MOD) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod& operator-=(const llmod& l) { val_ = (val_ - l.val_ + MOD) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod& operator*=(value_type v) { val_ = (val_ * v) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod& operator*=(const llmod& l) { val_ = (val_ * l.val_) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod& operator++() { val_ = (val_ + 1) % MOD; return *this; } inline llmod operator++(int) { llmod t = *this; val_ = (val_ + 1) % MOD; return t; } inline llmod& justify() { val_ = ((val_ % MOD) + MOD) % MOD; return *this; } friend llmod pow(llmod, long long); }; inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const llmod& l) { os << *l; return os; } inline llmod operator+(llmod t, const llmod& r) { return t += r; } inline llmod operator-(llmod t, const llmod& r) { return t -= r; } inline llmod operator*(llmod t, const llmod& r) { return t *= r; } // MEMO : 逆元...pow(n,MD-2) llmod pow(llmod x, long long p) { llmod::value_type y = 1; llmod::value_type xval = x.justify(); while (0 < p) { if (p & 1) y = (xval * y) % llmod::MOD; xval = (xval * xval) % llmod::MOD; p >>= 1; } return llmod(y); } inline llmod& operator/=(llmod& l, const llmod& r) { return l *= pow(r, llmod::MOD - 2); } // ソートしてi番目の値は 元々idx[i]番目の値 // 元々i番目の値は ソートするとidxr[i]番目の値 template void sortedIndex(const ITER begin, const ITER end, vector& idx, vector& idxr) { size_t n = end - begin; idx.resize(n); idxr.resize(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) idx[i] = i; sort(idx.begin(), idx.end(), [&begin](int l, int r) { return begin[l] < begin[r]; }); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) idxr[idx[i]] = i; } // int N; ll A[200010]; // int main() { scanner >> N; scanner.in(A, A+N); vector aidx, aidxr; sortedIndex(A, A+N, aidx, aidxr); vector negative(N); vector hold(N); Bitree bit1(N); Bitree ext1(N); // llmod total = 0; for (int i : aidx) { negative[i] |= !ext1.sum(i+1, N); hold[i] += bit1.sum(i+1, N); // LOG << i << ' ' << A[i] << ' ' << *total; bit1.add(i+1, A[i]); ext1.add(i+1, 1); } Bitree bit2(N); Bitree ext2(N); iterate(it, aidx.rbegin(), aidx.rend()) { auto i = *it; negative[i] |= !ext2.sum(i+1); bit2.add(i+1, A[i]); hold[i] += bit2.sum(i+1); ext2.add(i+1, 1); // LOG << i << ' ' << A[i] << ' ' << *total; } llmod total = 0; repeat(i, N) { if (!negative[i]) total += hold[i]; } cout << *total << endl; return 0; }