#pragma GCC target("avx2") #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #include #include using namespace std; using namespace atcoder; #define DEBUG #ifdef DEBUG template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair &p) { os << '(' << p.first << ',' << p.second << ')'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &v) { os << '{'; for(int i = 0; i < (int)v.size(); i++) { if(i) { os << ','; } os << v[i]; } os << '}'; return os; } void debugg() { cerr << endl; } template void debugg(const T &x, const Args &... args) { cerr << " " << x; debugg(args...); } #define debug(...) \ cerr << __LINE__ << " [" << #__VA_ARGS__ << "]: ", debugg(__VA_ARGS__) #define dump(x) cerr << __LINE__ << " " << #x << " = " << (x) << endl #else #define debug(...) (void(0)) #define dump(x) (void(0)) #endif using namespace std; typedef long long ll; typedef vector vl; typedef vector vvl; typedef vector vc; typedef vector vs; typedef vector vb; typedef vector vd; typedef pair P; typedef pair pii; typedef vector

vpl; typedef tuple tapu; #define rep(i,n) for(int i=0; i<(n); i++) #define REP(i,a,b) for(int i=(a); i<(b); i++) #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define rall(x) (x).rbegin(), (x).rend() const int inf = 1<<30; const ll linf = 1LL<<62; const int MAX = 510000; int dy[8] = {0,-1,0,1,1,-1,-1,1}; int dx[8] = {-1,0,1,0,1,-1,1,-1}; const double pi = acos(-1); const double eps = 1e-7; template inline bool chmin(T1 &a,T2 b){ if(a>b){ a = b; return true; } else return false; } template inline bool chmax(T1 &a,T2 b){ if(a inline void print(T &a){ int sz = a.size(); for(auto itr = a.begin(); itr != a.end(); itr++){ cout << *itr; sz--; if(sz) cout << " "; } cout << "\n"; } template inline void print2(T1 a, T2 b){ cout << a << " " << b << "\n"; } template inline void print3(T1 a, T2 b, T3 c){ cout << a << " " << b << " " << c << "\n"; } void mark() {cout << "#" << "\n";} ll pcount(ll x) {return __builtin_popcountll(x);} //const int mod = 1e9 + 7; const int mod = 998244353; vector fac(MAX), finv(MAX), inv(MAX); void comInit(){ fac[0] = fac[1] = 1; finv[0] = finv[1] = 1; inv[1] = 1; for(ll i=2; i 0){ if(n & 1) res = res * x % mod; x = x * x % mod; n >>= 1; } return res; } #define MOD 998244353 #define root 3 unsigned int add(const unsigned int x, const unsigned int y) { return (x + y < MOD) ? x + y : x + y - MOD; } unsigned int sub(const unsigned int x, const unsigned int y) { return (x >= y) ? (x - y) : (MOD - y + x); } unsigned int mul(const unsigned int x, const unsigned int y) { return (unsigned long long)x * y % MOD; } unsigned int mod_pow(unsigned int x, unsigned int n) { unsigned int res = 1; while(n > 0){ if(n & 1){ res = mul(res, x); } x = mul(x, x); n >>= 1; } return res; } unsigned int inverse(const unsigned int x) { return mod_pow(x, MOD - 2); } void ntt(vector& a, const bool rev = false) { unsigned int i, j, k, l, p, q, r, s; const unsigned int size = a.size(); if(size == 1) return; vector b(size); r = rev ? (MOD - 1 - (MOD - 1) / size) : (MOD - 1) / size; s = mod_pow(root, r); vector kp(size / 2 + 1, 1); for(i = 0; i < size / 2; ++i) kp[i + 1] = mul(kp[i], s); for(i = 1, l = size / 2; i < size; i <<= 1, l >>= 1){ for(j = 0, r = 0; j < l; ++j, r += i){ for(k = 0, s = kp[i * j]; k < i; ++k){ p = a[k + r], q = a[k + r + size / 2]; b[k + 2 * r] = add(p, q); b[k + 2 * r + i] = mul(sub(p, q), s); } } swap(a, b); } if(rev){ s = inverse(size); for(i = 0; i < size; i++){ a[i] = mul(a[i], s); } } } vector convolute(const vector& a, const vector& b) { const int size = (int)a.size() + (int)b.size() - 1; int t = 1; while(t < size){ t <<= 1; } vector A(t, 0), B(t, 0); for(int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); i++){ A[i] = a[i]; } for(int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); i++){ B[i] = b[i]; } ntt(A), ntt(B); for (int i = 0; i < t; i++){ A[i] = mul(A[i], B[i]); } ntt(A, true); A.resize(size); return A; } int main(){ ll n; cin >> n; vector a(n); comInit(); rep(i,n-1){ a[i] = finv[i] * (i+1) % mod; } auto polypow = [](vector &a, ll N) -> vector { int n = a.size(); vector res(n,0); res[0] = 1; while(N > 0){ if(N & 1) res = convolute(res,a); a = convolute(a,a); while(res.size() > n-1) res.pop_back(); while(a.size() > n-1) a.pop_back(); N >>= 1; } return res; }; auto b = polypow(a,n); ll ans = b[n-2] * fac[n-2] % mod; ans = ans * modpow(modpow(n,n-2,mod),mod-2,mod) % mod; cout << ans << "\n"; }