import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.NoSuchElementException; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { new Main().run(); } void run() { FastScanner sc=new FastScanner(); int H=sc.nextInt(); int W=sc.nextInt(); int N=sc.nextInt(); int M=sc.nextInt(); int[] T=new int[N]; int[] U=new int[N]; int[] L=new int[N]; int[] R=new int[N]; int[] A=new int[N]; int[] X=new int[M]; int[] Y=new int[M]; int[] B=new int[M]; int[] C=new int[M]; for (int i=0;i= A[i]) { --ans; } } System.out.println(ans); } void tr(Object...objects) { System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(objects)); } } class FastScanner { private final InputStream in = System.in; private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; private int ptr = 0; private int buflen = 0; private boolean hasNextByte() { if (ptr < buflen) { return true; } else { ptr = 0; try { buflen = in.read(buffer); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if (buflen <= 0) { return false; } } return true; } private int readByte() { if (hasNextByte()) return buffer[ptr++]; else return -1; } private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c) { return 33 <= c && c <= 126; } public boolean hasNext() { while (hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr])) ptr++; return hasNextByte(); } public String next() { if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); int b = readByte(); while (isPrintableChar(b)) { sb.appendCodePoint(b); b = readByte(); } return sb.toString(); } public long nextLong() { if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); long n = 0; boolean minus = false; int b = readByte(); if (b == '-') { minus = true; b = readByte(); } if (b < '0' || '9' < b) { throw new NumberFormatException(); } while (true) { if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') { n *= 10; n += b - '0'; } else if (b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)) { return minus ? -n : n; } else { throw new NumberFormatException(); } b = readByte(); } } public int nextInt() { long nl = nextLong(); if (nl < Integer.MIN_VALUE || nl > Integer.MAX_VALUE) throw new NumberFormatException(); return (int) nl; } public double nextDouble() { return Double.parseDouble(next()); } }