// -*- coding:utf-8-unix -*-

#![allow(dead_code)]
#![allow(unused_imports)]
use std::collections::*;
use std::convert::*;
use std::convert::{From, Into};
use std::fmt::Debug;
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::prelude::*;
use std::io::*;
use std::marker::Copy;
use std::mem::*;
use std::ops::Bound::*;
use std::ops::{Add, Mul, Neg, Sub};
use std::str;
use std::vec;
use std::{cmp, process::Output};
use std::{cmp::Ordering, env::consts::DLL_PREFIX};
use std::{cmp::Ordering::*, f32::consts::PI};

const INF: i64 = 1223372036854775807;
// const INF: i64 = 2147483647;
const MEM_SIZE: usize = 202020;
const MOD: i64 = 1000000007;
// const MOD: i64 = 998244353;
use std::cmp::*;
use std::collections::*;
use std::io::stdin;
use std::io::stdout;
use std::io::Write;

use btree_map::{Keys, Values};
// use str::Chars;
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn read<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> T {
    let mut s = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut s).ok();
    s.trim().parse().ok().unwrap()
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn readi() -> (i64) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap()
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn read_vec<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    read::<String>()
        .split_whitespace()
        .map(|e| e.parse().ok().unwrap())
        .collect()
}
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn read_vec2<T: std::str::FromStr>(n: u32) -> Vec<Vec<T>> {
    (0..n).map(|_| read_vec()).collect()
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn readii() -> (i64, i64) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
    )
}

fn readff() -> (f64, f64) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<f64>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<f64>().unwrap(),
    )
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn readiii() -> (i64, i64, i64) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
    )
}
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn readuu() -> (usize, usize) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
    )
}

fn readcc() -> (char, char) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<char>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<char>().unwrap(),
    )
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn readuuu() -> (usize, usize, usize) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
    )
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn readuuuu() -> (usize, usize, usize, usize) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
    )
}

fn readiiii() -> (i64, i64, i64, i64) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<i64>().unwrap(),
    )
}

fn readin() -> (usize, char) {
    let mut str = String::new();
    let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut str).unwrap();
    let mut iter = str.split_whitespace();
    (
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<usize>().unwrap(),
        iter.next().unwrap().parse::<char>().unwrap(),
    )
}

pub mod matrix {
    #[derive(Clone)]
    pub struct Matrix {
        pub v: Vec<Vec<i64>>,
    }
    impl Matrix {
        pub fn identity(n: usize) -> Self {
            let mut v = vec![vec![0; n]; n];
            for i in 0..n {
                v[i][i] = 1;
            }
            Matrix { v: v }
        }
        pub fn m(&self) -> usize {
            self.v.len()
        }
        pub fn n(&self) -> usize {
            self.v[0].len()
        }
        pub fn mul_rem(&self, other: &Self, mo: i64) -> Self {
            assert!(self.n() == other.m());
            let K = self.n();
            let M = self.m();
            let N = other.n();
            let mut r = vec![vec![0; N]; M];
            for i in 0..M {
                for j in 0..N {
                    let mut v = 0;
                    for k in 0..K {
                        v += self.v[i][k] & other.v[k][j] % mo;
                        v %= mo;
                    }
                    if v > 0 {
                        v = 1;
                    }
                    r[i][j] = v;
                }
            }
            Matrix { v: r }
        }
        pub fn pow(&self, k: u64, mo: i64) -> Self {
            assert!(self.m() == self.n());
            let mut k = k;
            let mut x = Self::identity(self.m());
            let mut y = self.clone();
            while k > 0 {
                if k & 1 > 0 {
                    x = y.clone() * x;
                    x %= mo;
                }
                y = y.mul_rem(&y, mo);
                y %= mo;
                k >>= 1;
            }
            x
        }
    }

    use std::ops::*;

    impl Add for Matrix {
        type Output = Self;
        fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self {
            let mut r = self.v.clone();
            for i in 0..self.m() {
                for j in 0..self.n() {
                    r[i][j] += other.v[i][j];
                }
            }
            Matrix { v: r }
        }
    }
    impl Sub for Matrix {
        type Output = Self;
        fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self {
            let mut r = self.v.clone();
            for i in 0..self.m() {
                for j in 0..self.n() {
                    r[i][j] -= other.v[i][j];
                }
            }
            Matrix { v: r }
        }
    }
    impl Mul for Matrix {
        type Output = Self;
        fn mul(self, other: Self) -> Self {
            assert!(self.n() == other.m());
            let K = self.n();
            let M = self.m();
            let N = other.n();
            let mut r = vec![vec![0; N]; M];
            for i in 0..M {
                for j in 0..N {
                    let mut v = 0;
                    for k in 0..K {
                        v += self.v[i][k] & other.v[k][j];
                        if v > 0 {
                            v = 1;
                        }
                    }
                    if v > 0 {
                        v = 1;
                    }
                    r[i][j] = v;
                }
            }
            Matrix { v: r }
        }
    }
    impl Rem<i64> for Matrix {
        type Output = Self;
        fn rem(self, mo: i64) -> Self {
            let mut r = self.v.clone();
            for i in 0..self.m() {
                for j in 0..self.n() {
                    r[i][j] %= mo;
                }
            }
            Matrix { v: r }
        }
    }
    impl RemAssign<i64> for Matrix {
        fn rem_assign(&mut self, mo: i64) {
            for i in 0..self.m() {
                for j in 0..self.n() {
                    self.v[i][j] %= mo;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

pub type Matrix = matrix::Matrix;

fn solve() {
    // let (mut a, mut b, mut c) = readuuu();
    // a += 100;[]
    // let (n, m, t) = readuuu();
    let vec: Vec<u64> = read_vec();
    let n = vec[0] as usize;
    let m = vec[1] as usize;
    let t = vec[2] as u64;
    let mut vv = vec![vec![0 as i64; (n) as usize]; (n) as usize];

    for i in 0..m {
        let (a, b) = readuu();
        vv[a][b] = 1;
    }
    let x = Matrix { v: vv };
    // let x3 = x.clone() * x.clone() * x.clone();
    // assert_eq!(x.pow(3, std::i64::MAX).v, x3.v);
    let mut r = x.pow(t as u64, INF);
    let mut res = 0 as usize;
    for i in 0..1 {
        for j in 0..n {
            if r.v[i][j] >= 1 {
                res += 1;
            }
        }
    }
    // let mut y = Matrix { v: vv };
    // println!("{:?}", r.v);
    if t == 0 {
        println!("{:?}", 1);
        return;
    }
    println!("{:?}", res);

    return;
}

fn main() {
    solve()
}