#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;
#define all(s) (s).begin(),(s).end()
#define vcin(n) for(ll i=0;i<ll(n.size());i++) cin>>n[i]
#define rever(vec) reverse(vec.begin(), vec.end())
#define sor(vec) sort(vec.begin(), vec.end())
#define fi first
#define se second
const ll mod = 998244353;
//const ll mod = 1000000007;
const ll inf = 2000000000000000000ll;
static const long double pi = 3.141592653589793;
template<class T,class U> void chmax(T& t,const U& u){if(t<u) t=u;}
template<class T,class U> void chmin(T& t,const U& u){if(t>u) t=u;}
ll modPow(ll a, ll n, ll mod) { ll ret = 1; ll p = a % mod; while (n) { if (n & 1) ret = ret * p % mod; p = p * p % mod; n >>= 1; } return ret; }
vector<vector<ll>> multi(vector<vector<ll>> a, vector<vector<ll>> b){
    ll n = a.size();
    vector<vector<ll>> res(n, vector<ll>(n, 0));
    for (ll i = 0; i < n; ++i){
        for (ll j = 0; j < n; ++j){
            for (ll x = 0; x < n; ++x){
                res[i][j] = ((res[i][j]) | (a[i][x] & b[x][j])) % mod;
            }
        }
    }
    return res;
}
vector<vector<ll>> mul_exp(vector<vector<ll>> adj, ll k, ll n){
    if (k == 1) return adj;
    vector<vector<ll>> res = mul_exp(adj, k / 2, n);
    if (k % 2 == 0) return multi(res, res);
    else return multi(adj, multi(res, res));
}
int main() {
  /* mod は 1e9+7 */
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
  cout<< fixed << setprecision(10);
  ll n,m,t;
  cin>>n>>m>>t;
  vector<vector<ll>> dp(n,vector<ll>(n));
  for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
    ll x,y;
    cin>>x>>y;
    dp[y][x]=1;
  }
  auto ans=mul_exp(dp,t,n);
  ll ansi=0;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    ansi+=ans[i][0];
  }
  cout<<ansi<<endl;
}