#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; typedef long long ll; using ull = unsigned long long; template inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } //template T gcd(T a, T b) { a = abs(a), b = abs(b); while (b > 0) { tie(a, b) = make_pair(b, a % b); }return a; } //mt19937 rnd(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count()); constexpr long long INF = 1LL << 60; constexpr int inf = 1000000007; //constexpr long long mod = 1000000007LL; constexpr long long mod = 998244353; int main() { std::cin.tie(nullptr); std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false); int n, m; ll T; cin >> n >> m >> T; constexpr int size = 100; static array, size> mat, ret, tm, tmp; for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { int a, b; cin >> a >> b; mat[a][b] = true; } if (T == 0) { cout << 1 << "\n"; return 0; } auto solve = [&](auto &&self, const array,size> &mat, ll T)->array, size>{ if (T & 1) { if (T == 1) return mat; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) tm[j][i] = mat[i][j]; tmp = self(self, mat, T - 1); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) { ret[i][j] = (tmp[i] & tm[j]).any(); } return ret; } else { for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) tm[j][i] = mat[i][j]; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) { ret[i][j] = (mat[i] & tm[j]).any(); } return self(self, ret, T / 2); } }; cout << solve(solve, mat, T)[0].count() << "\n"; }