import std.conv, std.functional, std.range, std.stdio, std.string; import std.algorithm, std.array, std.bigint, std.bitmanip, std.complex, std.container, std.math, std.mathspecial, std.numeric, std.regex, std.typecons; import core.bitop; class EOFException : Throwable { this() { super("EOF"); } } string[] tokens; string readToken() { for (; tokens.empty; ) { if (stdin.eof) { throw new EOFException; } tokens = readln.split; } auto token = tokens.front; tokens.popFront; return token; } int readInt() { return readToken.to!int; } long readLong() { return readToken.to!long; } real readReal() { return readToken.to!real; } bool chmin(T)(ref T t, in T f) { if (t > f) { t = f; return true; } else { return false; } } bool chmax(T)(ref T t, in T f) { if (t < f) { t = f; return true; } else { return false; } } int binarySearch(alias pred, T)(in T[] as) { int lo = -1, hi = cast(int)(as.length); for (; lo + 1 < hi; ) { const mid = (lo + hi) >> 1; (unaryFun!pred(as[mid]) ? hi : lo) = mid; } return hi; } int lowerBound(T)(in T[] as, T val) { return as.binarySearch!(a => (a >= val)); } int upperBound(T)(in T[] as, T val) { return as.binarySearch!(a => (a > val)); } struct ModInt(int M_) { import std.conv : to; alias M = M_; int x; this(ModInt a) { x = a.x; } this(long a) { x = cast(int)(a % M); if (x < 0) x += M; } ref ModInt opAssign(long a) { return (this = ModInt(a)); } ref ModInt opOpAssign(string op)(ModInt a) { static if (op == "+") { x += a.x; if (x >= M) x -= M; } else static if (op == "-") { x -= a.x; if (x < 0) x += M; } else static if (op == "*") { x = cast(int)((cast(long)(x) * a.x) % M); } else static if (op == "/") { this *= a.inv(); } else static assert(false); return this; } ref ModInt opOpAssign(string op)(long a) { static if (op == "^^") { if (a < 0) return (this = inv()^^(-a)); ModInt t2 = this, te = ModInt(1); for (long e = a; e > 0; e >>= 1) { if (e & 1) te *= t2; t2 *= t2; } x = cast(int)(te.x); return this; } else return mixin("this " ~ op ~ "= ModInt(a)"); } ModInt inv() const { int a = x, b = M, y = 1, z = 0, t; for (; ; ) { t = a / b; a -= t * b; if (a == 0) { assert(b == 1 || b == -1); return ModInt(b * z); } y -= t * z; t = b / a; b -= t * a; if (b == 0) { assert(a == 1 || a == -1); return ModInt(a * y); } z -= t * y; } } ModInt opUnary(string op: "-")() const { return ModInt(-x); } ModInt opBinary(string op, T)(T a) const { return mixin("ModInt(this) " ~ op ~ "= a"); } ModInt opBinaryRight(string op)(long a) const { return mixin("ModInt(a) " ~ op ~ "= this"); } bool opCast(T: bool)() const { return (x != 0); } string toString() const { return x.to!string; } } enum MO = 998244353; alias Mint = ModInt!MO; enum LIM = 4 * 10^^5 + 10; Mint[] inv, fac, invFac; void prepare() { inv = new Mint[LIM]; fac = new Mint[LIM]; invFac = new Mint[LIM]; inv[1] = 1; foreach (i; 2 .. LIM) { inv[i] = -(Mint.M / i) * inv[cast(size_t)(Mint.M % i)]; } fac[0] = invFac[0] = 1; foreach (i; 1 .. LIM) { fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i; invFac[i] = invFac[i - 1] * inv[i]; } } Mint binom(long n, long k) { if (0 <= k && k <= n) { assert(n < LIM); return fac[cast(size_t)(n)] * invFac[cast(size_t)(k)] * invFac[cast(size_t)(n - k)]; } else { return Mint(0); } } Mint calc(int x, int y) { return binom(x + y, x); } void main() { prepare; try { for (; ; ) { const N = readInt(); const M = readInt() + 1; const L = readInt(); const K = readInt(); auto A = new int[M + 1]; auto B = new int[M + 1]; A[0] = 0; B[0] = 0; foreach (i; 1 .. M) { A[i] = readInt(); B[i] = readInt(); } A[M] = N; B[M] = N; auto C = new int[L]; auto D = new int[L]; foreach (l; 0 .. L) { C[l] = readInt(); D[l] = readInt(); } int hit; auto lss = new int[][M]; foreach (l; 0 .. L) { foreach (i; 0 .. M + 1) { if (C[l] == A[i] && D[l] == B[i]) { ++hit; goto foundHit; } } foreach (i; 0 .. M) { if (A[i] <= C[l] && C[l] <= A[i + 1] && B[i] <= D[l] && D[l] <= B[i + 1]) { lss[i] ~= l; break; } } foundHit: } debug { writeln("hit = ", hit); writeln("lss = ", lss); } auto crt = new Mint[L + 1]; crt[0] = 1; foreach (i; 0 .. M) { if (lss[i].empty) { const num = calc(A[i + 1] - A[i], B[i + 1] - B[i]); crt[] *= num; } else { alias Pt = Tuple!(int, "x", int, "y"); Pt[] ps; ps ~= Pt(A[i], B[i]); ps ~= Pt(A[i + 1], B[i + 1]); foreach (l; lss[i]) { ps ~= Pt(C[l], D[l]); } ps.sort; const psLen = cast(int)(ps.length); auto dp = new Mint[][](psLen, psLen); dp[0][0] = 1; foreach (j; 0 .. psLen) foreach (k; j + 1 .. psLen) { const dx = ps[k].x - ps[j].x; const dy = ps[k].y - ps[j].y; if (dx >= 0 && dy >= 0) { foreach (s; 0 .. psLen - 1) { dp[k][s + 1] += dp[j][s] * calc(dx, dy); } } } auto fs = dp[psLen - 1][1 .. $]; foreach_reverse (s; 0 .. psLen - 1) { foreach (t; s + 1 .. psLen - 1) { fs[s] -= binom(t, s) * fs[t]; } } auto nxt = new Mint[L + 1]; foreach (s; 0 .. L + 1) foreach (t; 0 .. psLen - 1) { if (s + t <= L) { nxt[s + t] += crt[s] * fs[t]; } } crt = nxt; } } Mint ans; foreach (s; 0 .. L + 1) { if (hit + s <= K) { ans += crt[s]; } } writeln(ans); } } catch (EOFException e) { } }