#![allow(unused_imports)] use std::cmp::*; use std::collections::*; use std::io::Write; use std::ops::Bound::*; #[allow(unused_macros)] macro_rules! debug { ($($e:expr),*) => { #[cfg(debug_assertions)] $({ let (e, mut err) = (stringify!($e), std::io::stderr()); writeln!(err, "{} = {:?}", e, $e).unwrap() })* }; } fn main() { let t = read::(); for i in 0..t { solve(); } } fn solve() { let n = read::(); let a = read_vec::(); let mut a = a.into_iter().collect::>(); let mut ret = 0; for _ in 0..3 { let mut dp = SegTree::new(n, 0, |a, b| max(a, b)); for i in 2..n { let mut val = 0; if is_kadomatsu((a[i - 2], a[i - 1], a[i])) { val = a[i - 2]; } dp.update(i, dp.query(0, i - 2) + val); } //debug!(*dp.iter().max().unwrap()); ret = max(ret, dp.query(0, n)); let t = a.pop_back().unwrap(); a.push_front(t); } println!("{}", ret); } fn is_kadomatsu(a: (i64, i64, i64)) -> bool { if a.0 == a.2 { return false; } (a.0 < a.1 && a.1 > a.2) || (a.0 > a.1 && a.1 < a.2) } #[derive(Clone)] struct SegTree where F: Fn(T, T) -> T, T: std::clone::Clone + std::marker::Copy, { n: usize, dat: Vec, init: T, functor: F, } impl SegTree where F: Fn(T, T) -> T, T: std::clone::Clone + std::marker::Copy, { fn new(n: usize, init: T, f: F) -> SegTree { let mut m = 1; // For simplicity, we use 2 ** n sized SegTree. while m < n { m *= 2; } SegTree { n: m, dat: vec![init; 2 * m - 1], init: init, functor: f, } } // dat[k] = a; fn update(&mut self, k: usize, a: T) { let mut k = k; k += self.n - 1; self.dat[k] = a; while k > 0 { k = (k - 1) / 2; self.dat[k] = (self.functor)(self.dat[k * 2 + 1], self.dat[k * 2 + 2]); } } // [a, b) fn query(&self, a: usize, b: usize) -> T { self.query_inner(a, b, 0, 0, self.n) } fn query_inner(&self, a: usize, b: usize, k: usize, l: usize, r: usize) -> T { if r <= a || b <= l { return self.init; } if a <= l && r <= b { return self.dat[k]; } let vl = self.query_inner(a, b, k * 2 + 1, l, (l + r) / 2); let vr = self.query_inner(a, b, k * 2 + 2, (l + r) / 2, r); (self.functor)(vl, vr) } } fn read() -> T { let mut s = String::new(); std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut s).ok(); s.trim().parse().ok().unwrap() } fn read_vec() -> Vec { read::() .split_whitespace() .map(|e| e.parse().ok().unwrap()) .collect() }