#include using namespace std; using uint = unsigned int; using ll = long long; using ull = unsigned long long; using pii = pair; using pll = pair; template using vec = vector; template using vvec = vector>; #define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); i++) #define rrep(i, n) for (int i = int(n) - 1; i >= 0; i--) #define all(x) begin(x), end(x) constexpr char ln = '\n'; template inline int SZ(const Container& v) { return int(v.size()); } template inline void UNIQUE(vector& v) { v.erase(unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end()); } template inline bool chmax(T1& a, T2 b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } template inline bool chmin(T1& a, T2 b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } inline int topbit(ull x) { return x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x); } inline int botbit(ull x) { return x == 0 ? 64 : __builtin_ctzll(x); } inline int popcount(ull x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } inline int kthbit(ull x, int k) { return (x >> k) & 1; } inline constexpr long long TEN(int x) { return x == 0 ? 1 : TEN(x - 1) * 10; } const string YESNO[2] = {"NO", "YES"}; const string YesNo[2] = {"No", "Yes"}; inline void YES(bool t = true) { cout << YESNO[t] << "\n"; } inline void Yes(bool t = true) { cout << YesNo[t] << "\n"; } template inline void drop(T x) { cout << x << "\n"; exit(0); } inline void print() { cout << "\n"; } template inline void print(const vector& v) { for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it) { if (it != v.begin()) { cout << " "; } cout << *it; } print(); } template inline void print(const T& x, const Args& ... args) { cout << x << " "; print(args...); } #ifdef MINATO_LOCAL template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, pair p) { return os << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")"; } template void debug_tuple(ostream& os, TUPLE _) { (void)os; (void)_; } template void debug_tuple(ostream &os, TUPLE t) { os << (N == 0 ? "" : ", ") << get(t); debug_tuple(os, t); } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, tuple t) { os << "("; debug_tuple<0, tuple, Args...>(os, t); return os << ")"; } string debug_delim(int& i) { return i++ == 0 ? "" : ", "; } #define debug_embrace(x) { int i = 0; os << "{"; { x } return os << "}"; } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, vector v) { debug_embrace( for (T e : v) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, array a) { debug_embrace( for (T e : a) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) } template enable_if_t>, ostream>& operator<<(ostream& os, T(&a)[N]) { debug_embrace( for (T e : a) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, set s) { debug_embrace( for (Key e : s) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; }) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, map mp) { debug_embrace( for (auto e : mp) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; }) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, multiset s) { debug_embrace( for (Key e : s) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; }) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, queue q) { debug_embrace( for (; !q.empty(); q.pop()) { os << debug_delim(i) << q.front(); } ) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, deque q) { debug_embrace( for (T e : q) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, priority_queue q) { debug_embrace( for (; !q.empty(); q.pop()) { os << debug_delim(i) << q.top(); } ) } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, priority_queue, greater> q) { debug_embrace( for (; !q.empty(); q.pop()) { os << debug_delim(i) << q.top(); } ) } void debug_out() { cerr << endl; } template void debug_out(const T& x, const Args& ... args) { cerr << " " << x; debug_out(args...); } #define debug(...) cerr << __LINE__ << " : [" << #__VA_ARGS__ << "] =", debug_out(__VA_ARGS__) #else #define debug(...) (void(0)) #endif struct fast_ios { fast_ios() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(20); cerr << fixed << setprecision(7); }; } fast_ios_; /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// template struct ModInt { public: static constexpr int mod() { return m; } static ModInt raw(int v) { ModInt x; x._v = v; return x; } ModInt() : _v(0) {} ModInt(long long v) { long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(umod())); if (x < 0) x += umod(); _v = (unsigned int)(x); } unsigned int val() const { return _v; } explicit operator bool() const { return _v != 0; } ModInt& operator++() { _v++; if (_v == umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } ModInt& operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = umod(); _v--; return *this; } ModInt operator++(int) { ModInt result = *this; ++*this; return result; } ModInt operator--(int) { ModInt result = *this; --*this; return result; } ModInt& operator+=(const ModInt& rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } ModInt& operator-=(const ModInt& rhs) { _v -= rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v += umod(); return *this; } ModInt& operator*=(const ModInt& rhs) { unsigned long long z = _v; z *= rhs._v; _v = (unsigned int)(z % umod()); return *this; } ModInt& operator^=(long long n) { ModInt x = *this; *this = 1; if (n < 0) x = x.inv(), n = -n; while (n) { if (n & 1) *this *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return *this; } ModInt& operator/=(const ModInt& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } ModInt operator+() const { return *this; } ModInt operator-() const { return ModInt() - *this; } ModInt pow(long long n) const { ModInt r = *this; r ^= n; return r; } ModInt inv() const { int a = _v, b = umod(), y = 1, z = 0, t; for (; ; ) { t = a / b; a -= t * b; if (a == 0) { assert(b == 1 || b == -1); return ModInt(b * z); } y -= t * z; t = b / a; b -= t * a; if (b == 0) { assert(a == 1 || a == -1); return ModInt(a * y); } z -= t * y; } } friend ModInt operator+(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return ModInt(lhs) += rhs; } friend ModInt operator-(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return ModInt(lhs) -= rhs; } friend ModInt operator*(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return ModInt(lhs) *= rhs; } friend ModInt operator/(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return ModInt(lhs) /= rhs; } friend ModInt operator^(const ModInt& lhs, long long rhs) { return ModInt(lhs) ^= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return lhs._v == rhs._v; } friend bool operator!=(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return lhs._v != rhs._v; } friend ModInt operator+(long long lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return (ModInt(lhs) += rhs); } friend ModInt operator-(long long lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return (ModInt(lhs) -= rhs); } friend ModInt operator*(long long lhs, const ModInt& rhs) { return (ModInt(lhs) *= rhs); } friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const ModInt& M) { return os << M._v; } friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, ModInt& M) { long long x; is >> x; M = x; return is; } private: unsigned int _v; static constexpr unsigned int umod() { return m; } }; //constexpr int MOD = 1000000007; constexpr int MOD = 998244353; using mint = ModInt; template struct ModCombination { public: ModCombination() {} ModCombination(int n) : n_(n), fac_(n + 1), facinv_(n + 1) { assert(1 <= n); fac_[0] = 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) fac_[i] = fac_[i - 1] * i; facinv_[n] = M(1) / fac_[n]; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) facinv_[i - 1] = facinv_[i] * i; } M fac(int k) const { assert(0 <= k and k <= n_); return fac_[k]; } M facinv(int k) const { assert(0 <= k and k <= n_); return facinv_[k]; } M inv(int k) const { assert(1 <= k and k <= n_); return facinv_[k] * fac_[k - 1]; } M P(int n, int k) const { if (k < 0 or k > n) return M(0); assert(n <= n_); return fac_[n] * facinv_[n - k]; } M C(int n, int k) const { if (k < 0 or k > n) return M(0); assert(n <= n_); return fac_[n] * facinv_[n - k] * facinv_[k]; } M H(int n, int k) const { if (n == 0 and k == 0) return M(1); return C(n + k - 1, n); } M catalan(int n) const { if (n == 0) return M(1); return C(2 * n, n) - C(2 * n, n - 1); } private: int n_; vector fac_, facinv_; }; struct UnionFind { public: UnionFind() : n_(0) {} UnionFind(int n) : n_(n), group_num(n), node(n, -1) {} int size() const { return n_; } int count() const { return group_num; } bool merge(int x, int y) { assert(0 <= x and x < n_); assert(0 <= y and y < n_); x = root_(x); y = root_(y); if (x == y) return false; if (node[x] > node[y]) swap(x,y); node[x] += node[y]; node[y] = x; group_num--; return true; } bool same(int x, int y) { assert(0 <= x and x < n_); assert(0 <= y and y < n_); return root_(x) == root_(y); } int root(int x) { assert(0 <= x and x < n_); return root_(x); } int size(int x) { assert(0 <= x and x < n_); return -node[root_(x)]; } int operator[](int x) { assert(0 <= x and x < n_); return root_(x); } vector> groups() { vector leader_buf(n_), group_size(n_); for (int i = 0; i < n_; i++) { leader_buf[i] = root_(i); group_size[leader_buf[i]]++; } vector> result(n_); for (int i = 0; i < n_; i++) { result[i].reserve(group_size[i]); } for (int i = 0; i < n_; i++) { result[leader_buf[i]].push_back(i); } result.erase( remove_if(result.begin(), result.end(), [&](const vector& v) { return v.empty(); }), result.end()); return result; } private: int n_, group_num; vector node; int root_(int x) { if (node[x] < 0) return x; return node[x] = root_(node[x]); } }; int main() { ModCombination MC(100000); int N,M; cin >> N >> M; vvec table(N+1, vec(M+1)); table[0][0] = 1; rep(i,N) { rep(j,M+1) { if (!table[i][j]) continue; table[i+1][j] += table[i][j]*j; if (j < M) table[i+1][j+1] += table[i][j]*(M-j); } } UnionFind uf(N); rep(i,N) { int p; cin >> p; p--; uf.merge(i,p); } vec num; { set dic; rep(i,N) { if (dic.count(uf[i])) continue; dic.emplace(uf[i]); num.push_back(uf.size(i)); } } vvec dp(1,vec(2)); dp[0][0] = 1; for (auto e : num) { vvec nex(SZ(dp)+e,vec(2)); vec> seni; for (int i = 0; i <= e; i++) { seni.emplace_back(MC.C(e,i),max(1,e-i),i&1); } rep(i,SZ(dp)) { rep(k,2) { for (auto[val,cnt,odd] : seni) { nex[i+cnt][k^odd] += val*dp[i][k]; } } } swap(dp,nex); } mint ans = 0; rep(i,SZ(dp)) { ans += dp[i][0]*table[i][M]; ans -= dp[i][1]*table[i][M]; } ans *= MC.facinv(M); cout << ans << ln; }