#line 2 "cpplib/util/template.hpp" #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #pragma GCC target("avx2") #include using namespace std; struct __INIT__{__INIT__(){cin.tie(0);ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cout< vec; typedef vector> mat; typedef vector>> mat3; typedef vector svec; typedef vector> smat; templateusing V=vector; templateusing VV=V>; templateinline void output(T t){bool f=0;for(auto i:t){cout<<(f?" ":"")<inline void output2(T t){for(auto i:t)output(i);} templateinline void debug(T t){bool f=0;for(auto i:t){cerr<<(f?" ":"")<inline void debug2(T t){for(auto i:t)output(i);} #define loop(n) for(long long _=0;_<(long long)(n);++_) #define _overload4(_1,_2,_3,_4,name,...) name #define __rep(i,a) repi(i,0,a,1) #define _rep(i,a,b) repi(i,a,b,1) #define repi(i,a,b,c) for(long long i=(long long)(a);i<(long long)(b);i+=c) #define rep(...) _overload4(__VA_ARGS__,repi,_rep,__rep)(__VA_ARGS__) #define _overload3_rev(_1,_2,_3,name,...) name #define _rep_rev(i,a) repi_rev(i,0,a) #define repi_rev(i,a,b) for(long long i=(long long)(b)-1;i>=(long long)(a);--i) #define rrep(...) _overload3_rev(__VA_ARGS__,repi_rev,_rep_rev)(__VA_ARGS__) // #define rep(i,...) for(auto i:range(__VA_ARGS__)) // #define rrep(i,...) for(auto i:reversed(range(__VA_ARGS__))) // #define repi(i,a,b) for(lint i=lint(a);i<(lint)(b);++i) // #define rrepi(i,a,b) for(lint i=lint(b)-1;i>=lint(a);--i) // #define irep(i) for(lint i=0;;++i) // inline vector range(long long n){if(n<=0)return vector();vectorv(n);iota(v.begin(),v.end(),0LL);return v;} // inline vector range(long long a,long long b){if(b<=a)return vector();vectorv(b-a);iota(v.begin(),v.end(),a);return v;} // inline vector range(long long a,long long b,long long c){if((b-a+c-1)/c<=0)return vector();vectorv((b-a+c-1)/c);for(int i=0;i<(int)v.size();++i)v[i]=i?v[i-1]+c:a;return v;} // templateinline T reversed(T v){reverse(v.begin(),v.end());return v;} #define all(n) begin(n),end(n) templatebool chmin(T& s,const E& t){bool res=s>t;s=min(s,t);return res;} templatebool chmax(T& s,const E& t){bool res=s(s,t);return res;} const vector dx={1,0,-1,0,1,1,-1,-1}; const vector dy={0,1,0,-1,1,-1,1,-1}; #define SUM(v) accumulate(all(v),0LL) templateauto make_vector(T x,int arg,Args ...args){if constexpr(sizeof...(args)==0)return vector(arg,x);else return vector(arg,make_vector(x,args...));} #define extrep(v,...) for(auto v:__MAKE_MAT__({__VA_ARGS__})) #define bit(n,a) ((n>>a)&1) vector> __MAKE_MAT__(vector v){if(v.empty())return vector>(1,vector());long long n=v.back();v.pop_back();vector> ret;vector> tmp=__MAKE_MAT__(v);for(auto e:tmp)for(long long i=0;i>; templateusing graph_w=vector>>; templateostream& operator<<(ostream& out,pairv){out<<"("< struct mod_int { using mint=mod_int; using u64 = std::uint_fast64_t; u64 a; constexpr mod_int(const long long x = 0)noexcept:a(x>=0?x%get_mod():get_mod()-(-x)%get_mod()){} constexpr u64 &value()noexcept{return a;} constexpr const u64 &value() const noexcept {return a;} constexpr mint operator+(const mint rhs)const noexcept{return mint(*this) += rhs;} constexpr mint operator-(const mint rhs)const noexcept{return mint(*this)-=rhs;} constexpr mint operator*(const mint rhs) const noexcept {return mint(*this) *= rhs;} constexpr mint operator/(const mint rhs) const noexcept {return mint(*this) /= rhs;} constexpr mint &operator+=(const mint rhs) noexcept { a += rhs.a; if (a >= get_mod())a -= get_mod(); return *this; } constexpr mint &operator-=(const mint rhs) noexcept { if (a= get_mod())a -= get_mod(); return *this; } constexpr mint operator--(int) noexcept { if (a<1)a += get_mod(); a -= 1; return *this; } constexpr mint &operator/=(mint rhs) noexcept { u64 exp=get_mod()-2; while (exp) { if (exp % 2) { *this *= rhs; } rhs *= rhs; exp /= 2; } return *this; } constexpr bool operator==(mint x) noexcept { return a==x.a; } constexpr bool operator!=(mint x) noexcept { return a!=x.a; } constexpr bool operator<(mint x) noexcept { return a(mint x) noexcept { return a>x.a; } constexpr bool operator<=(mint x) noexcept { return a<=x.a; } constexpr bool operator>=(mint x) noexcept { return a>=x.a; } constexpr static int root(){ mint root = 2; while(root.pow((get_mod()-1)>>1).a==1)root++; return root.a; } constexpr mint pow(long long n)const{ long long x=a; mint ret = 1; while(n>0) { if(n&1)(ret*=x); (x*=x)%=get_mod(); n>>=1; } return ret; } constexpr mint inv(){ return pow(get_mod()-2); } static std::vector fac; static std::vector ifac; static bool init; constexpr static int mx=10000001; void build()const{ init=0; fac.resize(mx); ifac.resize(mx); fac[0]=1,ifac[0]=1; for(int i=1;i=0;i--)ifac[i]=ifac[i+1]*(i+1); } mint comb(long long b){ if(init)build(); if(a<0||b<0)return 0; if(a==0&&b==0)return 1; if((long long)a>(std::istream& lhs,mint& rhs) noexcept { lhs >> rhs.a; return lhs; } constexpr static bool is_static=true; constexpr static u64 get_mod(){ return MOD; } }; templatestd::vector> mod_int::fac; templatestd::vector> mod_int::ifac; templatebool mod_int::init=1; #line 3 "cpplib/math/mod_int1000000007.hpp" using mint=mod_int<1'000'000'007>; constexpr int MOD=1'000'000'007; /** * @brief ModInt(1'000'000'007) */ #line 3 "code.cpp" int main(){ lint n; cin>>n; vec p(n); rep(i,n)cin>>p[i]; rep(i,n)p[i]--; vectorused(n); mapm; rep(i,n){ if(used[i])continue; lint now=i,cnt=0; while(!used[now]){ used[now]=1; now=p[now]; cnt++; } m[cnt]++; } lint rest=n; mint ans=1; for(auto [s,t]:m){ rep(i,t){ ans*=mint(rest).comb(s)*mint(s-1).fact(); rest-=s; } ans/=mint(t).fact(); } cout<