#line 1 "other/yu.cc"
// #undef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
// #define NDEBUG
#include <bits/extc++.h>

#line 2 "Library/lib/alias"

/**
 * @file alias
 * @brief Alias
 */

#line 13 "Library/lib/alias"

#line 2 "Library/lib/bit"

#if __cplusplus > 201703L

#include <bit>

#else

#ifndef _GLIBCXX_BIT
#define _GLIBCXX_BIT 1

#include <limits>
#include <type_traits>

namespace std {

template <typename _Tp> constexpr _Tp __rotl(_Tp __x, int __s) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;
  const int __r = __s % _Nd;
  if (__r == 0)
    return __x;
  else if (__r > 0)
    return (__x << __r) | (__x >> ((_Nd - __r) % _Nd));
  else
    return (__x >> -__r) | (__x << ((_Nd + __r) % _Nd));  // rotr(x, -r)
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr _Tp __rotr(_Tp __x, int __s) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;
  const int __r = __s % _Nd;
  if (__r == 0)
    return __x;
  else if (__r > 0)
    return (__x >> __r) | (__x << ((_Nd - __r) % _Nd));
  else
    return (__x << -__r) | (__x >> ((_Nd + __r) % _Nd));  // rotl(x, -r)
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr int __countl_zero(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;

  if (__x == 0) return _Nd;

  constexpr auto _Nd_ull = numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::digits;
  constexpr auto _Nd_ul = numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits;
  constexpr auto _Nd_u = numeric_limits<unsigned>::digits;

  if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_u) {
    constexpr int __diff = _Nd_u - _Nd;
    return __builtin_clz(__x) - __diff;
  } else if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_ul) {
    constexpr int __diff = _Nd_ul - _Nd;
    return __builtin_clzl(__x) - __diff;
  } else if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_ull) {
    constexpr int __diff = _Nd_ull - _Nd;
    return __builtin_clzll(__x) - __diff;
  } else  // (_Nd > _Nd_ull)
  {
    static_assert(_Nd <= (2 * _Nd_ull),
                  "Maximum supported integer size is 128-bit");

    unsigned long long __high = __x >> _Nd_ull;
    if (__high != 0) {
      constexpr int __diff = (2 * _Nd_ull) - _Nd;
      return __builtin_clzll(__high) - __diff;
    }
    constexpr auto __max_ull = numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::max();
    unsigned long long __low = __x & __max_ull;
    return (_Nd - _Nd_ull) + __builtin_clzll(__low);
  }
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr int __countl_one(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  if (__x == numeric_limits<_Tp>::max()) return numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;
  return __countl_zero<_Tp>((_Tp)~__x);
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr int __countr_zero(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;

  if (__x == 0) return _Nd;

  constexpr auto _Nd_ull = numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::digits;
  constexpr auto _Nd_ul = numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits;
  constexpr auto _Nd_u = numeric_limits<unsigned>::digits;

  if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_u)
    return __builtin_ctz(__x);
  else if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_ul)
    return __builtin_ctzl(__x);
  else if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_ull)
    return __builtin_ctzll(__x);
  else  // (_Nd > _Nd_ull)
  {
    static_assert(_Nd <= (2 * _Nd_ull),
                  "Maximum supported integer size is 128-bit");

    constexpr auto __max_ull = numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::max();
    unsigned long long __low = __x & __max_ull;
    if (__low != 0) return __builtin_ctzll(__low);
    unsigned long long __high = __x >> _Nd_ull;
    return __builtin_ctzll(__high) + _Nd_ull;
  }
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr int __countr_one(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  if (__x == numeric_limits<_Tp>::max()) return numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;
  return __countr_zero((_Tp)~__x);
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr int __popcount(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;

  if (__x == 0) return 0;

  constexpr auto _Nd_ull = numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::digits;
  constexpr auto _Nd_ul = numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits;
  constexpr auto _Nd_u = numeric_limits<unsigned>::digits;

  if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_u)
    return __builtin_popcount(__x);
  else if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_ul)
    return __builtin_popcountl(__x);
  else if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (_Nd <= _Nd_ull)
    return __builtin_popcountll(__x);
  else  // (_Nd > _Nd_ull)
  {
    static_assert(_Nd <= (2 * _Nd_ull),
                  "Maximum supported integer size is 128-bit");

    constexpr auto __max_ull = numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::max();
    unsigned long long __low = __x & __max_ull;
    unsigned long long __high = __x >> _Nd_ull;
    return __builtin_popcountll(__low) + __builtin_popcountll(__high);
  }
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr bool __has_single_bit(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  return __popcount(__x) == 1;
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr _Tp __bit_ceil(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;
  if (__x == 0 || __x == 1) return 1;
  auto __shift_exponent = _Nd - __countl_zero((_Tp)(__x - 1u));
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_HAVE_BUILTIN_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED
  if (!__builtin_is_constant_evaluated()) {
    __glibcxx_assert(__shift_exponent != numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits);
  }
#endif
  using __promoted_type = decltype(__x << 1);
  if _GLIBCXX17_CONSTEXPR (!is_same<__promoted_type, _Tp>::value) {
    const int __extra_exp = sizeof(__promoted_type) / sizeof(_Tp) / 2;
    __shift_exponent |= (__shift_exponent & _Nd) << __extra_exp;
  }
  return (_Tp)1u << __shift_exponent;
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr _Tp __bit_floor(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;
  if (__x == 0) return 0;
  return (_Tp)1u << (_Nd - __countl_zero((_Tp)(__x >> 1)));
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr _Tp __bit_width(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  constexpr auto _Nd = numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits;
  return _Nd - __countl_zero(__x);
}

}  // namespace std

#endif

#endif
#line 2 "Library/lib/limits"

#line 4 "Library/lib/limits"

namespace workspace {

template <class _Tp> struct numeric_limits : std::numeric_limits<_Tp> {};

#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__

template <> struct numeric_limits<__uint128_t> {
  constexpr static __uint128_t max() { return ~__uint128_t(0); }
  constexpr static __uint128_t min() { return 0; }
};

template <> struct numeric_limits<__int128_t> {
  constexpr static __int128_t max() {
    return numeric_limits<__uint128_t>::max() >> 1;
  }
  constexpr static __int128_t min() { return -max() - 1; }
};

#endif

}  // namespace workspace
#line 16 "Library/lib/alias"

namespace workspace {

constexpr char eol = '\n';

using namespace std;

using i32 = int_least32_t;
using u32 = uint_least32_t;
using i64 = int_least64_t;
using u64 = uint_least64_t;

#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
using i128 = __int128_t;
using u128 = __uint128_t;
#else
#warning 128bit integer is not available.
#endif

namespace _alias_impl {

template <class> struct first_arg { using type = void; };

template <class _Tp, class = void> struct parse_comp : first_arg<_Tp> {};

template <class _Tp>
struct parse_comp<_Tp, std::__void_t<decltype(&_Tp::operator())>>
    : first_arg<decltype(&_Tp::operator())> {};

template <class _R, class _Tp, class... _Args>
struct first_arg<_R(_Tp, _Args...)> {
  using type = _Tp;
};

template <class _R, class _Tp, class... _Args>
struct first_arg<_R (*)(_Tp, _Args...)> {
  using type = _Tp;
};

template <class _G, class _R, class _Tp, class... _Args>
struct first_arg<_R (_G::*)(_Tp, _Args...)> {
  using type = _Tp;
};

template <class _G, class _R, class _Tp, class... _Args>
struct first_arg<_R (_G::*)(_Tp, _Args...) const> {
  using type = _Tp;
};

}  // namespace _alias_impl

template <class _Tp = void, class _Compare = std::less<_Tp>>
decltype(auto) make_priority_queue(_Compare __x = _Compare()) noexcept {
  using type = std::conditional_t<
      std::is_void<_Tp>::value,
      std::decay_t<typename _alias_impl::parse_comp<_Compare>::type>, _Tp>;

  return std::priority_queue<type, std::vector<type>, _Compare>(__x);
}

template <class _Tp = void, class _Compare = std::less<_Tp>>
decltype(auto) make_set(_Compare __x = _Compare()) noexcept {
  using type = std::conditional_t<
      std::is_void<_Tp>::value,
      std::decay_t<typename _alias_impl::parse_comp<_Compare>::type>, _Tp>;

  return std::set<type, _Compare>(__x);
}

template <class _Key, class _Mapped, class _Compare = std::less<_Key>>
decltype(auto) make_map(_Compare __x = _Compare()) noexcept {
  return std::map<_Key, _Mapped, _Compare>(__x);
}

template <class _T1, class _T2,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<const _T2 &>() <
                              std::declval<const _T1 &>())>
constexpr
    typename std::conditional<std::is_same<_T1, _T2>::value, const _T1 &,
                              typename std::common_type<_T1, _T2>::type>::type
    min(const _T1 &__x, const _T2 &__y) noexcept {
  return __y < __x ? __y : __x;
}

template <class _T1, class _T2, class _Compare,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_Compare>()(
              std::declval<const _T2 &>(), std::declval<const _T1 &>()))>
constexpr
    typename std::conditional<std::is_same<_T1, _T2>::value, const _T1 &,
                              typename std::common_type<_T1, _T2>::type>::type
    min(const _T1 &__x, const _T2 &__y, _Compare __comp) noexcept {
  return __comp(__y, __x) ? __y : __x;
}

template <class _Tp, typename = decltype(std::declval<const _Tp &>() <
                                         std::declval<const _Tp &>())>
constexpr _Tp min(std::initializer_list<_Tp> __x) noexcept {
  return *std::min_element(__x.begin(), __x.end());
}

template <class _Tp, class _Compare,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_Compare>()(
              std::declval<const _Tp &>(), std::declval<const _Tp &>()))>
constexpr _Tp min(std::initializer_list<_Tp> __x, _Compare __comp) noexcept {
  return *std::min_element(__x.begin(), __x.end(), __comp);
}

template <class _T1, class _T2,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<const _T1 &>() <
                              std::declval<const _T2 &>())>

constexpr
    typename std::conditional<std::is_same<_T1, _T2>::value, const _T1 &,
                              typename std::common_type<_T1, _T2>::type>::type
    max(const _T1 &__x, const _T2 &__y) noexcept {
  return __x < __y ? __y : __x;
}

template <class _T1, class _T2, class _Compare,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_Compare>()(
              std::declval<const _T1 &>(), std::declval<const _T2 &>()))>
constexpr
    typename std::conditional<std::is_same<_T1, _T2>::value, const _T1 &,
                              typename std::common_type<_T1, _T2>::type>::type
    max(const _T1 &__x, const _T2 &__y, _Compare __comp) noexcept {
  return __comp(__x, __y) ? __y : __x;
}

template <class _Tp, typename = decltype(std::declval<const _Tp &>() <
                                         std::declval<const _Tp &>())>
constexpr _Tp max(std::initializer_list<_Tp> __x) noexcept {
  return *std::max_element(__x.begin(), __x.end());
}

template <class _Tp, class _Compare,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_Compare>()(
              std::declval<const _Tp &>(), std::declval<const _Tp &>()))>
constexpr _Tp max(std::initializer_list<_Tp> __x, _Compare __comp) noexcept {
  return *std::max_element(__x.begin(), __x.end(), __comp);
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr _Tp __bsf(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  return std::__countr_zero(__x);
}

template <typename _Tp> constexpr _Tp __bsr(_Tp __x) noexcept {
  return std::__bit_width(__x) - 1;
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 6 "other/yu.cc"
// #include "lib/cxx20"
#line 2 "Library/lib/direct"

/*
 * @file direct
 * @brief Pragma Directive
 */

#ifdef ONLINE_JUDGE

#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#pragma GCC target("avx,avx2")
#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops")

#endif
#line 8 "other/yu.cc"
// #include "lib/opt"
#line 2 "Library/src/sys/clock.hpp"

/*
 * @fn clock.hpp
 * @brief Clock
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/sys/clock.hpp"

namespace workspace {

using namespace std::chrono;

namespace internal {
// The start time of the program.
const auto start_time{system_clock::now()};
}  // namespace internal

/*
 * @fn elapsed
 * @return elapsed time of the program
 */
int64_t elapsed() {
  const auto end_time{system_clock::now()};
  return duration_cast<milliseconds>(end_time - internal::start_time).count();
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/sys/ejection.hpp"

/**
 * @file ejection.hpp
 * @brief Ejection
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/sys/ejection.hpp"

namespace workspace {

namespace internal {

struct ejection {
  bool exit = 0;
};

}  // namespace internal

/**
 * @brief eject from a try block, throw nullptr
 * @param arg output
 */
template <class Tp> void eject(Tp const &arg) {
  std::cout << arg << "\n";
  throw internal::ejection{};
}

void exit() { throw internal::ejection{true}; }

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/sys/iteration.hpp"

/**
 * @file iteration.hpp
 * @brief Case Iteration
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/sys/iteration.hpp"

#line 11 "Library/src/sys/iteration.hpp"

namespace workspace {

void main();

struct {
  // 1-indexed
  unsigned current{0};
  unsigned total{1};

  void read() { (std::cin >> total).ignore(); }

  int iterate() {
    static bool once = false;
    assert(!once);
    once = true;
    while (current++ < total) {
      try {
        main();
      } catch (internal::ejection const& status) {
        if (status.exit) break;
      }
    }
    return 0;
  }
} case_info;

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/cached.hpp"

/**
 * @file cached.hpp
 * @brief Cached
 * @date 2021-02-25
 *
 *
 */

#line 13 "Library/src/utils/cached.hpp"

#line 2 "Library/src/utils/fixed_point.hpp"

/**
 * @file fixed_point.hpp
 * @brief Fixed Point Combinator
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/utils/fixed_point.hpp"

namespace workspace {

/**
 * @brief Fixed Point Combinator
 */
template <class _F> class fixed_point {
  _F __fn;

 public:
  /**
   * @brief Construct a new fixed point object
   *
   * @param __fn 1st argument callable with the rest of its arguments.
   * Return type specified.
   */
  fixed_point(_F __fn) noexcept : __fn(std::forward<_F>(__fn)) {}

  /**
   * @brief Apply *this to 1st argument.
   * @param __args Rest of arguments.
   */
  template <class... _Args>
  decltype(auto) operator()(_Args &&...__args) const noexcept {
    return __fn(*this, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
  }
};

}  // namespace workspace
#line 15 "Library/src/utils/cached.hpp"

namespace workspace {

namespace cached_impl {

// Convert keys to tuple.
template <class... _Args> struct get_tuple {
  using type = decltype(
      std::tuple_cat(std::declval<std::tuple<std::conditional_t<
                         std::is_convertible<std::decay_t<_Args>, _Args>::value,
                         std::decay_t<_Args>, _Args>>>()...));
};

// Associative array.
template <class _Value, class... _Keys>
struct assoc
    : std::integral_constant<int, !std::is_void<_Value>::value>,
      std::conditional_t<std::is_void<_Value>::value,
                         std::set<typename get_tuple<_Keys...>::type>,
                         std::map<typename get_tuple<_Keys...>::type, _Value>> {
};

// Non-resursive lambda type.
template <class _F, class = void> struct is_recursive : std::false_type {};

// Resursive lambda type.
template <class _F>
struct is_recursive<
    _F, std::__void_t<decltype(&_F::template operator()<fixed_point<_F> &>)>>
    : std::true_type {};

// Recursive ver.
template <class _F> class _recursive {
  template <class...> struct _cache;

  template <class _G, class _R, class _H, class... _Args>
  struct _cache<_R (_G::*)(_H, _Args...)> : assoc<_R, _Args...> {};

  template <class _G, class _R, class _H, class... _Args>
  struct _cache<_R (_G::*)(_H, _Args...) const> : assoc<_R, _Args...> {};

 public:
  using cache = _cache<decltype(&_F::template operator()<_recursive<_F> &>)>;

  _recursive(_F __x) noexcept : __fn(__x), __cptr(new cache) {}

  /**
   * @brief Apply `*this` to 1st argument of the lambda.
   * @param __args Rest of arguments.
   */
  template <class... _Args>
  decltype(auto) operator()(_Args &&...__args) noexcept {
    typename cache::key_type __key{__args...};

    if constexpr (cache::value) {
      if (auto __i = __cptr->lower_bound(__key);
          __i != __cptr->end() && __i->first == __key)
        return __i->second;

      else
        return __cptr
            ->emplace_hint(__i, std::move(__key),
                           __fn(*this, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...))
            ->second;
    }

    else if (auto __i = __cptr->lower_bound(__key);
             __i == __cptr->end() || *__i != __key)
      __cptr->emplace_hint(__i, std::move(__key)),
          __fn(*this, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
  }

 private:
  _F __fn;
  std::shared_ptr<cache> __cptr;
};

// Non-recursive ver.
template <class _F> class _non_recursive {
  template <class _T, class = void> struct _get_func { using type = _T; };

  template <class _T>
  struct _get_func<_T, std::__void_t<decltype(&_T::operator())>> {
    using type = decltype(&_T::operator());
  };

  template <class...> struct _cache;

  template <class _R, class... _Args>
  struct _cache<_R(_Args...)> : assoc<_R, _Args...> {};

  template <class _R, class... _Args>
  struct _cache<_R (*)(_Args...)> : assoc<_R, _Args...> {};

  template <class _G, class _R, class... _Args>
  struct _cache<_R (_G::*)(_Args...)> : assoc<_R, _Args...> {};

  template <class _G, class _R, class... _Args>
  struct _cache<_R (_G::*)(_Args...) const> : assoc<_R, _Args...> {};

 public:
  using cache = _cache<typename _get_func<_F>::type>;

  _non_recursive(_F __x) noexcept : __fn(__x), __cptr(new cache) {}

  /**
   * @param __args
   */
  template <class... _Args>
  decltype(auto) operator()(_Args &&...__args) noexcept {
    typename cache::key_type __key{__args...};

    if constexpr (cache::value) {
      if (auto __i = __cptr->lower_bound(__key);
          __i != __cptr->end() && __i->first == __key)
        return __i->second;

      else
        return __cptr
            ->emplace_hint(__i, std::move(__key),
                           __fn(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...))
            ->second;
    }

    else if (auto __i = __cptr->lower_bound(__key);
             __i == __cptr->end() || *__i != __key)
      __cptr->emplace_hint(__i, std::move(__key)),
          __fn(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
  }

 private:
  _F __fn;
  std::shared_ptr<cache> __cptr;
};

template <class _F>
using _cached = std::conditional_t<is_recursive<_F>::value, _recursive<_F>,
                                   _non_recursive<_F>>;

}  // namespace cached_impl

/**
 * @brief Cached caller of function
 */
template <class _F> class cached : public cached_impl::_cached<_F> {
 public:
  /**
   * @brief Construct a new cached object
   */
  cached() noexcept : cached_impl::_cached<_F>(_F{}) {}

  /**
   * @brief Construct a new cached object
   *
   * @param __x Function
   */
  cached(_F __x) noexcept : cached_impl::_cached<_F>(__x) {}
};

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/cat.hpp"

/**
 * @file cat.hpp
 * @brief Cat
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/utils/cat.hpp"

namespace workspace {

/**
 * @brief Concatenate two sequences.
 *
 * @param __c1
 * @param __c2
 * @return Concatenated sequence.
 */
template <class _C1, class _C2>
constexpr decltype(auto) cat(_C1 &&__c1, _C2 &&__c2) noexcept {
  auto __c = std::forward<_C1>(__c1);

  if constexpr (std::is_rvalue_reference<decltype(__c2)>::value)
    __c.insert(std::end(__c), std::move_iterator(std::begin(__c2)),
               std::move_iterator(std::end(__c2)));

  else
    __c.insert(std::end(__c), std::cbegin(__c2), std::cend(__c2));

  return __c;
}

/**
 * @return Concatenated sequence.
 */
template <class _C1, class _C2, class... _Args>
constexpr decltype(auto) cat(_C1 &&__c1, _C2 &&__c2,
                             _Args &&...__args) noexcept {
  return cat(cat(std::forward<_C1>(__c1), std::forward<_C2>(__c2)),
             std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/chval.hpp"

/**
 * @file chval.hpp
 * @brief Change Less/Greater
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/utils/chval.hpp"

namespace workspace {

/**
 * @brief Substitute __y for __x if __y < __x.
 * @param __x Reference
 * @param __y Comparison target
 * @return Whether or not __x is updated.
 */
template <class _T1, class _T2,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_T2>() < std::declval<_T1 &>())>
typename std::enable_if<std::is_assignable<_T1 &, _T2>::value, bool>::type chle(
    _T1 &__x, _T2 &&__y) noexcept {
  return __y < __x ? __x = std::forward<_T2>(__y), true : false;
}

/**
 * @brief Substitute __y for __x if __x < __y.
 * @param __x Reference
 * @param __y Comparison target
 * @return Whether or not __x is updated.
 */
template <class _T1, class _T2,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_T1 &>() < std::declval<_T2>())>
typename std::enable_if<std::is_assignable<_T1 &, _T2>::value, bool>::type chge(
    _T1 &__x, _T2 &&__y) noexcept {
  return __x < __y ? __x = std::forward<_T2>(__y), true : false;
}

/**
 * @brief Substitute __y for __x if __comp(__y, __x) is true.
 * @param __x Reference
 * @param __y Comparison target
 * @param __comp Compare function object
 * @return Whether or not __x is updated.
 */
template <class _T1, class _T2, class _Compare,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_Compare>()(std::declval<_T2>(),
                                                       std::declval<_T1 &>()))>
typename std::enable_if<std::is_assignable<_T1 &, _T2>::value, bool>::type chle(
    _T1 &__x, _T2 &&__y, _Compare __comp) noexcept {
  return __comp(__y, __x) ? __x = std::forward<_T2>(__y), true : false;
}

/**
 * @brief Substitute __y for __x if __comp(__x, __y) is true.
 * @param __x Reference
 * @param __y Comparison target
 * @param __comp Compare function object
 * @return Whether or not __x is updated.
 */
template <class _T1, class _T2, class _Compare,
          typename = decltype(std::declval<_Compare>()(std::declval<_T1 &>(),
                                                       std::declval<_T2>()))>
typename std::enable_if<std::is_assignable<_T1 &, _T2>::value, bool>::type chge(
    _T1 &__x, _T2 &&__y, _Compare __comp) noexcept {
  return __comp(__x, __y) ? __x = std::forward<_T2>(__y), true : false;
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 6 "Library/lib/utils"
// #include "src/utils/grid.hpp"
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/hash.hpp"

#line 8 "Library/src/utils/hash.hpp"

#line 2 "Library/src/utils/sfinae.hpp"

/**
 * @file sfinae.hpp
 * @brief SFINAE
 */

#line 10 "Library/src/utils/sfinae.hpp"
#include <type_traits>

#ifndef __INT128_DEFINED__

#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
#define __INT128_DEFINED__ 1
#else
#define __INT128_DEFINED__ 0
#endif

#endif

namespace std {

#if __INT128_DEFINED__

template <> struct make_signed<__uint128_t> { using type = __int128_t; };
template <> struct make_signed<__int128_t> { using type = __int128_t; };

template <> struct make_unsigned<__uint128_t> { using type = __uint128_t; };
template <> struct make_unsigned<__int128_t> { using type = __uint128_t; };

#endif

}  // namespace std

namespace workspace {

template <class Tp, class... Args> struct variadic_front { using type = Tp; };

template <class... Args> struct variadic_back;

template <class Tp> struct variadic_back<Tp> { using type = Tp; };

template <class Tp, class... Args> struct variadic_back<Tp, Args...> {
  using type = typename variadic_back<Args...>::type;
};

template <class type, template <class> class trait>
using enable_if_trait_type = typename std::enable_if<trait<type>::value>::type;

/**
 * @brief Return type of subscripting ( @c [] ) access.
 */
template <class _Tp>
using subscripted_type =
    typename std::decay<decltype(std::declval<_Tp&>()[0])>::type;

template <class Container>
using element_type = typename std::decay<decltype(
    *std::begin(std::declval<Container&>()))>::type;

template <class _Tp, class = std::nullptr_t>
struct has_begin : std::false_type {};

template <class _Tp>
struct has_begin<_Tp, decltype(std::begin(std::declval<_Tp>()), nullptr)>
    : std::true_type {};

template <class _Tp, class = std::nullptr_t>
struct has_mod : std::false_type {};

template <class _Tp>
struct has_mod<_Tp, decltype(_Tp::mod, nullptr)> : std::true_type {};

template <class _Tp, class = void> struct is_integral_ext : std::false_type {};
template <class _Tp>
struct is_integral_ext<
    _Tp, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<_Tp>::value>::type>
    : std::true_type {};

#if __INT128_DEFINED__

template <> struct is_integral_ext<__int128_t> : std::true_type {};
template <> struct is_integral_ext<__uint128_t> : std::true_type {};

#endif

#if __cplusplus >= 201402

template <class _Tp>
constexpr static bool is_integral_ext_v = is_integral_ext<_Tp>::value;

#endif

template <typename _Tp, typename = void> struct multiplicable_uint {
  using type = uint_least32_t;
};
template <typename _Tp>
struct multiplicable_uint<
    _Tp,
    typename std::enable_if<(2 < sizeof(_Tp)) &&
                            (!__INT128_DEFINED__ || sizeof(_Tp) <= 4)>::type> {
  using type = uint_least64_t;
};

#if __INT128_DEFINED__

template <typename _Tp>
struct multiplicable_uint<_Tp,
                          typename std::enable_if<(4 < sizeof(_Tp))>::type> {
  using type = __uint128_t;
};

#endif

template <typename _Tp> struct multiplicable_int {
  using type =
      typename std::make_signed<typename multiplicable_uint<_Tp>::type>::type;
};

}  // namespace workspace
#line 10 "Library/src/utils/hash.hpp"
namespace workspace {
template <class T, class = void> struct hash : std::hash<T> {};

template <class _Tp> struct hash<_Tp *> : std::hash<_Tp *> {};

#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
template <class Unique_bits_type>
struct hash<Unique_bits_type,
            enable_if_trait_type<Unique_bits_type,
                                 std::has_unique_object_representations>> {
  size_t operator()(uint64_t x) const {
    static const uint64_t m = std::random_device{}();
    x ^= x >> 23;
    x ^= m;
    x ^= x >> 47;
    return x - (x >> 32);
  }
};
#endif

template <class Key> size_t hash_combine(const size_t &seed, const Key &key) {
  return seed ^
         (hash<Key>()(key) + 0x9e3779b9 /* + (seed << 6) + (seed >> 2) */);
}
template <class T1, class T2> struct hash<std::pair<T1, T2>> {
  size_t operator()(const std::pair<T1, T2> &pair) const {
    return hash_combine(hash<T1>()(pair.first), pair.second);
  }
};
template <class... T> class hash<std::tuple<T...>> {
  template <class Tuple, size_t index = std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1>
  struct tuple_hash {
    static uint64_t apply(const Tuple &t) {
      return hash_combine(tuple_hash<Tuple, index - 1>::apply(t),
                          std::get<index>(t));
    }
  };
  template <class Tuple> struct tuple_hash<Tuple, size_t(-1)> {
    static uint64_t apply(const Tuple &t) { return 0; }
  };

 public:
  uint64_t operator()(const std::tuple<T...> &t) const {
    return tuple_hash<std::tuple<T...>>::apply(t);
  }
};
template <class hash_table> struct hash_table_wrapper : hash_table {
  using key_type = typename hash_table::key_type;
  size_t count(const key_type &key) const {
    return hash_table::find(key) != hash_table::end();
  }
  template <class... Args> auto emplace(Args &&... args) {
    return hash_table::insert(typename hash_table::value_type(args...));
  }
};
template <class Key, class Mapped = __gnu_pbds::null_type>
using cc_hash_table =
    hash_table_wrapper<__gnu_pbds::cc_hash_table<Key, Mapped, hash<Key>>>;
template <class Key, class Mapped = __gnu_pbds::null_type>
using gp_hash_table =
    hash_table_wrapper<__gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table<Key, Mapped, hash<Key>>>;
template <class Key, class Mapped>
using unordered_map = std::unordered_map<Key, Mapped, hash<Key>>;
template <class Key> using unordered_set = std::unordered_set<Key, hash<Key>>;
}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/io/istream.hpp"

/**
 * @file istream.hpp
 * @brief Input Stream
 */

#include <cxxabi.h>

#line 13 "Library/src/utils/io/istream.hpp"

#line 15 "Library/src/utils/io/istream.hpp"

namespace workspace {

namespace internal {

template <class Tp, typename = std::nullptr_t> struct istream_helper {
  istream_helper(std::istream &is, Tp &x) {
    if constexpr (has_begin<Tp>::value)
      for (auto &&e : x)
        istream_helper<typename std::decay<decltype(e)>::type>(is, e);
    else
      static_assert(has_begin<Tp>::value, "istream unsupported type.");
  }
};

template <class Tp>
struct istream_helper<
    Tp,
    decltype(std::declval<std::decay<decltype(std::declval<std::istream &>() >>
                                              std::declval<Tp &>())>>(),
             nullptr)> {
  istream_helper(std::istream &is, Tp &x) { is >> x; }
};

#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__

template <> struct istream_helper<__uint128_t, std::nullptr_t> {
  istream_helper(std::istream &__is, __uint128_t &__x) {
    std::string __s;
    __is >> __s;
    bool __neg = false;
    if (__s.front() == '-') __neg = true, __s.erase(__s.begin());
    __x = 0;
    for (char __d : __s) {
      __x *= 10;
      __d -= '0';
      if (__neg)
        __x -= __d;
      else
        __x += __d;
    }
  }
};

template <> struct istream_helper<__int128_t, std::nullptr_t> {
  istream_helper(std::istream &__is, __int128_t &__x) {
    std::string __s;
    __is >> __s;
    bool __neg = false;
    if (__s.front() == '-') __neg = true, __s.erase(__s.begin());
    __x = 0;
    for (char __d : __s) {
      __x *= 10;
      __d -= '0';
      if (__neg)
        __x -= __d;
      else
        __x += __d;
    }
  }
};

#endif  // INT128

template <class T1, class T2> struct istream_helper<std::pair<T1, T2>> {
  istream_helper(std::istream &is, std::pair<T1, T2> &x) {
    istream_helper<T1>(is, x.first), istream_helper<T2>(is, x.second);
  }
};

template <class... Tps> struct istream_helper<std::tuple<Tps...>> {
  istream_helper(std::istream &is, std::tuple<Tps...> &x) { iterate(is, x); }

 private:
  template <class Tp, size_t N = 0> void iterate(std::istream &is, Tp &x) {
    if constexpr (N == std::tuple_size<Tp>::value)
      return;
    else
      istream_helper<typename std::tuple_element<N, Tp>::type>(is,
                                                               std::get<N>(x)),
          iterate<Tp, N + 1>(is, x);
  }
};

}  // namespace internal

/**
 * @brief A wrapper class for std::istream.
 */
class istream : public std::istream {
 public:
  /**
   * @brief Wrapped operator.
   */
  template <typename Tp> istream &operator>>(Tp &x) {
    internal::istream_helper<Tp>(*this, x);
    if (std::istream::fail()) {
      static auto once = atexit([] {
        std::cerr << "\n\033[43m\033[30mwarning: failed to read \'"
                  << abi::__cxa_demangle(typeid(Tp).name(), 0, 0, 0)
                  << "\'.\033[0m\n\n";
      });
      assert(!once);
    }
    return *this;
  }
};

decltype(auto) cin = static_cast<istream &>(std::cin);

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/io/ostream.hpp"

/**
 * @file ostream.hpp
 * @brief Output Stream
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/utils/io/ostream.hpp"

namespace workspace {

template <class _Os> struct is_ostream {
  template <typename... _Args>
  static std::true_type __test(std::basic_ostream<_Args...> *);

  static std::false_type __test(void *);

  constexpr static bool value = decltype(__test(std::declval<_Os *>()))::value;
};

template <class _Os>
using ostream_ref =
    typename std::enable_if<is_ostream<_Os>::value, _Os &>::type;

/**
 * @brief Stream insertion operator for C-style array.
 *
 * @param __os Output stream
 * @param __a Array
 * @return Reference to __os.
 */
template <class _Os, class _Tp, size_t _Nm>
typename std::enable_if<bool(sizeof(_Tp) > 2), ostream_ref<_Os>>::type
operator<<(_Os &__os, const _Tp (&__a)[_Nm]) {
  if constexpr (_Nm) {
    __os << *__a;
    for (auto __i = __a + 1, __e = __a + _Nm; __i != __e; ++__i)
      __os << ' ' << *__i;
  }
  return __os;
}

/**
 * @brief Stream insertion operator for std::array.
 *
 * @param __os Output stream
 * @param __a Array
 * @return Reference to __os.
 */
template <class _Os, class _Tp, size_t _Nm>
ostream_ref<_Os> operator<<(_Os &__os, const std::array<_Tp, _Nm> &__a) {
  if constexpr (_Nm) {
    __os << __a[0];
    for (size_t __i = 1; __i != _Nm; ++__i) __os << ' ' << __a[__i];
  }
  return __os;
}

/**
 * @brief Stream insertion operator for std::pair.
 *
 * @param __os Output stream
 * @param __p Pair
 * @return Reference to __os.
 */
template <class _Os, class _T1, class _T2>
ostream_ref<_Os> operator<<(_Os &__os, const std::pair<_T1, _T2> &__p) {
  return __os << __p.first << ' ' << __p.second;
}

/**
 * @brief Stream insertion operator for std::tuple.
 *
 * @param __os Output stream
 * @param __t Tuple
 * @return Reference to __os.
 */
template <class _Os, class _Tp, size_t _Nm = 0>
typename std::enable_if<bool(std::tuple_size<_Tp>::value + 1),
                        ostream_ref<_Os>>::type
operator<<(_Os &__os, const _Tp &__t) {
  if constexpr (_Nm != std::tuple_size<_Tp>::value) {
    if constexpr (_Nm) __os << ' ';
    __os << std::get<_Nm>(__t);
    operator<<<_Os, _Tp, _Nm + 1>(__os, __t);
  }
  return __os;
}

template <class _Os, class _Container,
          typename = decltype(std::begin(std::declval<_Container>()))>
typename std::enable_if<
    !std::is_same<typename std::decay<_Container>::type, std::string>::value &&
        !std::is_same<typename std::decay<_Container>::type, char *>::value,
    ostream_ref<_Os>>::type
operator<<(_Os &__os, const _Container &__cont) {
  bool __h = true;
  for (auto &&__e : __cont) __h ? __h = 0 : (__os << ' ', 0), __os << __e;
  return __os;
}

#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__

/**
 * @brief Stream insertion operator for __int128_t.
 *
 * @param __os Output Stream
 * @param __x 128-bit integer
 * @return Reference to __os.
 */
template <class _Os> ostream_ref<_Os> operator<<(_Os &__os, __int128_t __x) {
  if (!__x) return __os << '0';
  if (__x < 0) __os << '-';
  char __s[40], *__p = __s;
  while (__x) {
    auto __d = __x % 10;
    *__p++ = '0' + (__x < 0 ? -__d : __d);
    __x /= 10;
  }
  *__p = 0;
  for (char *__t = __s; __t < --__p; ++__t) *__t ^= *__p ^= *__t ^= *__p;
  return __os << __s;
}

/**
 * @brief Stream insertion operator for __uint128_t.
 *
 * @param __os Output Stream
 * @param __x 128-bit unsigned integer
 * @return Reference to __os.
 */
template <class _Os> ostream_ref<_Os> operator<<(_Os &__os, __uint128_t __x) {
  if (!__x) return __os << '0';
  char __s[40], *__p = __s;
  while (__x) *__p++ = '0' + __x % 10, __x /= 10;
  *__p = 0;
  for (char *__t = __s; __t < --__p; ++__t) *__t ^= *__p ^= *__t ^= *__p;
  return __os << __s;
}

#endif

}  // namespace workspace
#line 10 "Library/lib/utils"
// #include "src/utils/io/read.hpp"
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/io/setup.hpp"

/**
 * @file setup.hpp
 * @brief I/O Setup
 */

#line 10 "Library/src/utils/io/setup.hpp"

namespace workspace {

/**
 * @brief Setup I/O.
 * @param __n Standard output precision
 */
void io_setup(int __n) {
  std::cin.tie(0)->sync_with_stdio(0);
  std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(__n);

#ifdef _buffer_check
  atexit([] {
    char bufc;
    if (std::cin >> bufc)
      std::cerr << "\n\033[43m\033[30mwarning: buffer not empty.\033[0m\n\n";
  });
#endif
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/iterator/category.hpp"

/*
 * @file category.hpp
 * @brief Iterator Category
 */

#line 10 "Library/src/utils/iterator/category.hpp"

namespace workspace {

/*
 * @tparam Tuple Tuple of iterator types
 */
template <class Tuple, size_t N = std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1>
struct common_iterator_category {
  using type = typename std::common_type<
      typename common_iterator_category<Tuple, N - 1>::type,
      typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::tuple_element<
          N, Tuple>::type>::iterator_category>::type;
};

template <class Tuple> struct common_iterator_category<Tuple, 0> {
  using type = typename std::iterator_traits<
      typename std::tuple_element<0, Tuple>::type>::iterator_category;
};

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/iterator/reverse.hpp"

/*
 * @file reverse_iterator.hpp
 * @brief Reverse Iterator
 */

#if __cplusplus >= 201703L

#include <iterator>
#include <optional>

namespace workspace {

/*
 * @class reverse_iterator
 * @brief Wrapper class for `std::reverse_iterator`.
 * @see http://gcc.gnu.org/PR51823
 */
template <class Iterator>
class reverse_iterator : public std::reverse_iterator<Iterator> {
  using base_std = std::reverse_iterator<Iterator>;
  std::optional<typename base_std::value_type> deref;

 public:
  using base_std::reverse_iterator;

  constexpr typename base_std::reference operator*() noexcept {
    if (!deref) {
      Iterator tmp = base_std::current;
      deref = *--tmp;
    }
    return deref.value();
  }

  constexpr reverse_iterator &operator++() noexcept {
    base_std::operator++();
    deref.reset();
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr reverse_iterator &operator--() noexcept {
    base_std::operator++();
    deref.reset();
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr reverse_iterator operator++(int) noexcept {
    base_std::operator++();
    deref.reset();
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr reverse_iterator operator--(int) noexcept {
    base_std::operator++();
    deref.reset();
    return *this;
  }
};

}  // namespace workspace

#endif
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/make_vector.hpp"

/*
 * @file make_vector.hpp
 * @brief Multi-dimensional Vector
 */

#if __cplusplus >= 201703L

#include <tuple>
#include <vector>

namespace workspace {

/*
 * @brief Make a multi-dimensional vector.
 * @tparam Tp type of the elements
 * @tparam N dimension
 * @tparam S integer type
 * @param sizes The size of each dimension
 * @param init The initial value
 */
template <typename Tp, size_t N, typename S>
constexpr auto make_vector([[maybe_unused]] S* sizes, Tp const& init = Tp()) {
  static_assert(std::is_convertible_v<S, size_t>);
  if constexpr (N)
    return std::vector(*sizes,
                       make_vector<Tp, N - 1, S>(std::next(sizes), init));
  else
    return init;
}

/*
 * @brief Make a multi-dimensional vector.
 * @param sizes The size of each dimension
 * @param init The initial value
 */
template <typename Tp, size_t N, typename S>
constexpr auto make_vector(const S (&sizes)[N], Tp const& init = Tp()) {
  return make_vector<Tp, N, S>((S*)sizes, init);
}

/*
 * @brief Make a multi-dimensional vector.
 * @param sizes The size of each dimension
 * @param init The initial value
 */
template <typename Tp, size_t N, typename S, size_t I = 0>
constexpr auto make_vector([[maybe_unused]] std::array<S, N> const& sizes,
                           Tp const& init = Tp()) {
  static_assert(std::is_convertible_v<S, size_t>);
  if constexpr (I == N)
    return init;
  else
    return std::vector(sizes[I], make_vector<Tp, N, S, I + 1>(sizes, init));
}

/*
 * @brief Make a multi-dimensional vector.
 * @param sizes The size of each dimension
 * @param init The initial value
 */
template <typename Tp, size_t N = SIZE_MAX, size_t I = 0, class... Args>
constexpr auto make_vector([[maybe_unused]] std::tuple<Args...> const& sizes,
                           Tp const& init = Tp()) {
  using tuple_type = std::tuple<Args...>;
  if constexpr (I == std::tuple_size_v<tuple_type> || I == N)
    return init;
  else {
    static_assert(
        std::is_convertible_v<std::tuple_element_t<I, tuple_type>, size_t>);
    return std::vector(std::get<I>(sizes),
                       make_vector<Tp, N, I + 1>(sizes, init));
  }
}

/*
 * @brief Make a multi-dimensional vector.
 * @param sizes The size of each dimension
 * @param init The initial value
 */
template <typename Tp, class Fst, class Snd>
constexpr auto make_vector(std::pair<Fst, Snd> const& sizes,
                           Tp const& init = Tp()) {
  static_assert(std::is_convertible_v<Fst, size_t>);
  static_assert(std::is_convertible_v<Snd, size_t>);
  return make_vector({(size_t)sizes.first, (size_t)sizes.second}, init);
}

}  // namespace workspace

#endif
#line 15 "Library/lib/utils"
// #include "src/utils/py-like/enumerate.hpp"
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/py-like/range.hpp"

/**
 * @file range.hpp
 * @brief Range
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/utils/py-like/range.hpp"

#line 2 "Library/src/utils/py-like/reversed.hpp"

/**
 * @file reversed.hpp
 * @brief Reversed
 */

#include <initializer_list>
#line 10 "Library/src/utils/py-like/reversed.hpp"

namespace workspace {

namespace internal {

template <class Container> class reversed {
  Container cont;

 public:
  constexpr reversed(Container &&cont) : cont(cont) {}

  constexpr auto begin() { return std::rbegin(cont); }
  constexpr auto end() { return std::rend(cont); }
};

}  // namespace internal

template <class Container> constexpr auto reversed(Container &&cont) noexcept {
  return internal::reversed<Container>{std::forward<Container>(cont)};
}

template <class Tp>
constexpr auto reversed(std::initializer_list<Tp> &&cont) noexcept {
  return internal::reversed<std::initializer_list<Tp>>{
      std::forward<std::initializer_list<Tp>>(cont)};
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 12 "Library/src/utils/py-like/range.hpp"

#if __cplusplus >= 201703L

namespace workspace {

template <class Index> class range {
  Index first, last;

 public:
  class iterator {
    Index current;

   public:
    using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
    using value_type = Index;
    using reference = typename std::add_const<Index>::type &;
    using pointer = iterator;
    using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;

    constexpr iterator(Index const &__i = Index()) noexcept : current(__i) {}

    constexpr bool operator==(iterator const &rhs) const noexcept {
      return current == rhs.current;
    }
    constexpr bool operator!=(iterator const &rhs) const noexcept {
      return current != rhs.current;
    }

    constexpr iterator &operator++() noexcept {
      ++current;
      return *this;
    }
    constexpr iterator &operator--() noexcept {
      --current;
      return *this;
    }

    constexpr reference operator*() const noexcept { return current; }
  };

  constexpr range(Index first, Index last) noexcept
      : first(first), last(last) {}
  constexpr range(Index last) noexcept : first(), last(last) {}

  constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept { return iterator{first}; }
  constexpr iterator end() const noexcept { return iterator{last}; }

  constexpr reverse_iterator<iterator> rbegin() const noexcept {
    return reverse_iterator<iterator>(end());
  }
  constexpr reverse_iterator<iterator> rend() const noexcept {
    return reverse_iterator<iterator>(begin());
  }
};

template <class... Args> constexpr auto rrange(Args &&... args) noexcept {
  return internal::reversed(range(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
}

}  // namespace workspace

#endif
#line 18 "Library/lib/utils"
// #include "src/utils/py-like/zip.hpp"
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/rand/rng.hpp"

/**
 * @file rng.hpp
 * @brief Random Number Generator
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/utils/rand/rng.hpp"

namespace workspace {

template <typename _Arithmetic>
using uniform_distribution = typename std::conditional<
    std::is_integral<_Arithmetic>::value,
    std::uniform_int_distribution<_Arithmetic>,
    std::uniform_real_distribution<_Arithmetic>>::type;

template <typename _Arithmetic, class _Engine = std::mt19937>
class random_number_generator : uniform_distribution<_Arithmetic> {
  using base = uniform_distribution<_Arithmetic>;

  _Engine __engine;

 public:
  random_number_generator(_Arithmetic __min, _Arithmetic __max)
      : base(__min, __max), __engine(std::random_device{}()) {}

  random_number_generator(_Arithmetic __max = 1)
      : random_number_generator(0, __max) {}

  random_number_generator(typename base::param_type const& __param)
      : base(__param), __engine(std::random_device{}()) {}

  decltype(auto) operator()() noexcept { return base::operator()(__engine); }
};

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/rand/shuffle.hpp"

/**
 * @file shuffle.hpp
 * @brief Shuffle
 */

#line 10 "Library/src/utils/rand/shuffle.hpp"

namespace workspace {

template <class _RAIter, class _Engine = std::mt19937>
void shuffle(_RAIter __first, _RAIter __last) {
  static _Engine __engine(std::random_device{}());
  std::shuffle(__first, __last, __engine);
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 2 "Library/src/utils/round_div.hpp"

/*
 * @file round_div.hpp
 * @brief Round Integer Division
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/utils/round_div.hpp"

#line 11 "Library/src/utils/round_div.hpp"

namespace workspace {

/*
 * @fn floor_div
 * @brief floor of fraction.
 * @param x the numerator
 * @param y the denominator
 * @return maximum integer z s.t. z <= x / y
 * @note y must be nonzero.
 */
template <typename T1, typename T2>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<(is_integral_ext<T1>::value &&
                                   is_integral_ext<T2>::value),
                                  typename std::common_type<T1, T2>::type>::type
floor_div(T1 x, T2 y) {
  assert(y != 0);
  if (y < 0) x = -x, y = -y;
  return x < 0 ? (x - y + 1) / y : x / y;
}

/*
 * @fn ceil_div
 * @brief ceil of fraction.
 * @param x the numerator
 * @param y the denominator
 * @return minimum integer z s.t. z >= x / y
 * @note y must be nonzero.
 */
template <typename T1, typename T2>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<(is_integral_ext<T1>::value &&
                                   is_integral_ext<T2>::value),
                                  typename std::common_type<T1, T2>::type>::type
ceil_div(T1 x, T2 y) {
  assert(y != 0);
  if (y < 0) x = -x, y = -y;
  return x < 0 ? x / y : (x + y - 1) / y;
}

}  // namespace workspace
#line 11 "other/yu.cc"

signed main() {
  using namespace workspace;

  io_setup(15);

  /* given
    case_info.read();  //*/

  /* unspecified
    case_info.total = -1;  //*/

  return case_info.iterate();
}

#line 2 "Library/src/data_structure/segment_tree/basic.hpp"

/**
 * @file basic.hpp
 * @brief Segment Tree
 */

#line 10 "Library/src/data_structure/segment_tree/basic.hpp"

#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
#include <optional>
#endif

#line 2 "Library/src/algebra/system/monoid.hpp"

/*
 * @file monoid.hpp
 * @brief Monoid
 */

#line 9 "Library/src/algebra/system/monoid.hpp"

namespace workspace {

template <class T, class E = T> struct min_monoid {
  using value_type = T;
  static T min, max;
  T value;
  min_monoid() : value(max) {}
  min_monoid(const T &value) : value(value) {}
  operator T() const { return value; }
  min_monoid operator+(const min_monoid &rhs) const {
    return value < rhs.value ? *this : rhs;
  }
  min_monoid operator*(const E &rhs) const;
};

template <class T, class E>
T min_monoid<T, E>::min = std::numeric_limits<T>::min() / 2;
template <class T, class E>
T min_monoid<T, E>::max = std::numeric_limits<T>::max() / 2;

template <class T, class E = T> struct max_monoid : min_monoid<T, E> {
  using base = min_monoid<T, E>;
  using base::min_monoid;
  max_monoid() : base(base::min) {}
  max_monoid operator+(const max_monoid &rhs) const {
    return !(base::value < rhs.value) ? *this : rhs;
  }
  max_monoid operator*(const E &rhs) const;
};

}  // namespace workspace
#line 16 "Library/src/data_structure/segment_tree/basic.hpp"

namespace workspace {

/**
 * @tparam Monoid `operator+`, `operator=`
 * @tparam Container_tmpl `operator[]`, `size_type`
 */
template <class Monoid, class Endomorphism = void,
          template <class...> class Container_tmpl = std::vector>
class segment_tree {
  static_assert(
      std::is_assignable<Monoid &, decltype(std::declval<Monoid>() +
                                            std::declval<Monoid>())>::value,
      "\'Monoid\' has no proper binary \'operator+\'.");

  constexpr static bool __support_lazy = !std::is_void<Endomorphism>::value;

#if __cplusplus < 201703L
  struct node_base {
    node_base() = default;
    node_base(Monoid const &__x) : __v(__x) {}
    operator bool() const { return __f; }
    void operator=(Monoid const &__x) {
      __v = __x;
      __f = true;
    }
    Monoid &operator*() { return __v; }
    Monoid const &operator*() const { return __v; }
    void reset() { __f = false; }

   private:
    Monoid __v{};
    bool __f{true};
  };
#else
  struct node_base : std::optional<Monoid> {
    using std::optional<Monoid>::operator=;
    node_base() : std::optional<Monoid>(Monoid{}) {}
  };
#endif

  struct node_lazy : node_base {
    using node_base::operator=;
    std::optional<Endomorphism> __z;
  };

  using node =
      typename std::conditional<__support_lazy, node_lazy, node_base>::type;

  using container_type = Container_tmpl<node>;

 public:
  using size_type = typename container_type::size_type;

  class iterator {
    segment_tree *__p;
    size_type __i;

   public:
    using difference_type = typename std::make_signed<size_type>::type;
    using value_type = Monoid;
    using reference = Monoid &;
    using pointer = iterator;
    using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;

    /**
     * @brief Construct a new iterator object
     *
     */
    iterator() = default;

    /**
     * @brief Construct a new iterator object
     *
     * @param __p Pointer to a segment tree object
     * @param __i Index
     */
    iterator(segment_tree *__p, size_type __i) : __p(__p), __i(__i) {}

    bool operator==(iterator const &rhs) const {
      return __p == rhs.__p && __i == rhs.__i;
    }
    bool operator!=(iterator const &rhs) const { return !operator==(rhs); }

    bool operator<(iterator const &rhs) const { return __i < rhs.__i; }
    bool operator>(iterator const &rhs) const { return __i > rhs.__i; }
    bool operator<=(iterator const &rhs) const { return __i <= rhs.__i; }
    bool operator>=(iterator const &rhs) const { return __i >= rhs.__i; }

    iterator &operator++() { return ++__i, *this; }
    iterator &operator--() { return --__i, *this; }

    difference_type operator-(iterator const &rhs) const {
      return __i - rhs.__i;
    }

    /**
     * @brief
     *
     * @return reference
     */
    reference operator*() const { return __p->operator[](__i); }
  };

  using value_type = typename iterator::value_type;
  using reference = typename iterator::reference;

  iterator begin() { return {this, 0}; }
  iterator end() { return {this, size_orig}; }

  auto rbegin() { return std::make_reverse_iterator(end()); }
  auto rend() { return std::make_reverse_iterator(begin()); }

 protected:
 public:
  size_type size_orig, height, size_ext;
  container_type data;

  node &pull(size_type __i) noexcept {
    if (!data[__i]) data[__i] = *pull(__i << 1) + *pull(__i << 1 | 1);
    return data[__i];
  }

  void push(size_type __i) {
    if (auto &__lz = data[__i].__z) {
      apply(data[__i << 1], *__lz);
      apply(data[__i << 1 | 1], *__lz);
      __lz.reset();
    }
  }

  void sync(size_type __i) {
    if (!data[__i])
      data[__i] = *pull(__i << 1) + *pull(__i << 1 | 1);
    else if (data[__i].__z) {
      apply(data[__i << 1], *data[__i].__z);
      apply(data[__i << 1 | 1], *data[__i].__z);
      data[__i].__z.reset();
    }
  }

  template <class _End = Endomorphism>
  void apply(node &__nd, _End const &endo) {
    *__nd = *__nd * endo;
    __nd.__z = __nd.__z ? *__nd.__z * endo : endo;
  }

  // template <class _End = Endomorphism>
  // void apply_top(size_t __i, _End const &endo) {
  //   auto &__nd = pull(__i);
  //   *__nd = *__nd * endo;
  //   __nd.__z = __nd.__z ? *__nd.__z * endo : endo;
  // }

  template <class Pred>
  constexpr decltype(std::declval<Pred>()(Monoid{})) pass_args(
      Pred pred, Monoid const &_1, [[maybe_unused]] size_type _2) {
    return pred(_1);
  }

  template <class Pred>
  constexpr decltype(std::declval<Pred>()(Monoid{}, size_type{})) pass_args(
      Pred pred, Monoid const &_1, size_type _2) {
    return pred(_1, _2);
  }

  template <class Pred>
  size_type left_partition_subtree(size_type __i, Monoid mono, size_type step,
                                   Pred pred) {
    assert(__i);
    while (__i < size_ext) {
      if constexpr (__support_lazy) push(__i);
      const Monoid tmp = *pull((__i <<= 1) | 1) + mono;
      if (pass_args(pred, tmp, ((__i | 1) << --step) ^ size_ext))
        mono = tmp;
      else
        ++__i;
    }
    return ++__i -= size_ext;
  }

  template <class Pred>
  size_type right_partition_subtree(size_type __i, Monoid mono, size_type step,
                                    Pred pred) {
    assert(__i);
    while (__i < size_ext) {
      if constexpr (__support_lazy) push(__i);
      const Monoid tmp = mono + *pull(__i <<= 1);
      if (pass_args(pred, tmp, ((__i | 1) << --step) ^ size_ext))
        ++__i, mono = tmp;
    }
    return (__i -= size_ext) < size_orig ? __i : size_orig;
  }

 public:
  /**
   * @brief Construct a new segment tree object
   *
   * @param __n Number of elements.
   */
  segment_tree(size_type __n = 0)
      : size_orig{__n},
        height(__n > 1 ? 64 - __builtin_clzll(__n - 1) : 0),
        size_ext{size_type{1} << height} {
    if constexpr (std::is_constructible<container_type, size_t>::value)
      data = container_type(size_ext << 1);
    data[0].reset();
  }

  /**
   * @brief Construct a new segment tree object
   *
   * @param __n Number of elements.
   * @param init
   */
  segment_tree(size_type __n, Monoid const &init) : segment_tree(__n) {
    for (auto i = begin(); i != end(); ++i) *i = init;
  }

  /**
   * @brief Construct a new segment tree object
   *
   * @tparam Tp
   * @param __n Number of elements.
   * @param init
   */
  template <class Tp, typename std::enable_if<std::is_convertible<
                          Tp, Monoid>::value>::type * = nullptr>
  segment_tree(size_type __n, Tp &&init) : segment_tree(__n) {
    for (auto i = begin(); i != end(); ++i) *i = init;
  }

  /**
   * @brief Construct a new segment tree object
   *
   * @tparam Iterator
   * @param __first
   * @param __last
   */
  template <class Iterator,
            typename std::enable_if<std::is_convertible<
                typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
                Monoid>::value> * = nullptr>
  segment_tree(Iterator __first, Iterator __last)
      : segment_tree(std::distance(__first, __last)) {
    for (auto i = begin(); __first != __last; ++i, ++__first) *i = *__first;
  }

  operator Container_tmpl<value_type>() const {
    Container_tmpl<value_type> __c(size());
    for (size_type __i = 0; __i != size(); ++__i)
      __c[__i] = *data[__i | size_ext];
    return __c;
  }

  /**
   * @return Number of elements.
   */
  size_type size() const { return size_orig; }

  /**
   * @return Whether %segment_tree is empty.
   */
  bool empty() const { return !size(); }

  /**
   * @param __i Index of the element
   * @return Reference to the element.
   */
  reference operator[](size_type __i) {
    assert(__i < size_orig);
    reference __ref = *data[__i |= size_ext];
    if constexpr (__support_lazy) {
      for (size_t __h{height}; __h; --__h) {
        push(__i >> __h);
        data[__i >> __h].reset();
      }
    } else {
      while (data[__i >>= 1]) data[__i].reset();
    }
    return __ref;
  }

  /**
   * @param first Left end, inclusive
   * @param last Right end, exclusive
   * @return Sum of elements in the interval.
   */
  value_type fold(size_type first, size_type last) {
    assert(last <= size_orig);
    if (!(first < last)) return {};
    first += size_ext, last += size_ext;
    value_type left{}, right{};
    for (size_t l = first, r = last--; l != r; l >>= 1, r >>= 1) {
      if (l & 1) left = left + *pull(l++);
      if (r & 1) right = *pull(--r) + right;
      if constexpr (__support_lazy) {
        if (data[first >>= 1].__z) left = left * *data[first].__z;
        if (data[last >>= 1].__z) right = right * *data[last].__z;
      }
    }
    if constexpr (__support_lazy) {
      while (first >>= 1, last >>= 1) {
        if (data[first].__z) left = left * *data[first].__z;
        if (data[last].__z) right = right * *data[last].__z;
      }
    }

    // if (first >= last) return Monoid{};
    // first += size_ext, last += size_ext - 1;
    // Monoid left{}, right{};
    // for (size_t l = first, r = last + 1; last; l >>= 1, r >>= 1) {
    //   if (l < r) {
    //     if (l & 1) left = left + data[l++];
    //     if (r & 1) right = data[--r] + right;
    //   }
    //   if (first >>= 1, last >>= 1) {
    //     left = left * lazy[first];
    //     right = right * lazy[last];
    //   }
    // }
    // return left + right;

    return left + right;
  }

  /**
   * @return The whole sum.
   */
  value_type fold() { return fold(0, size_orig); }

  template <class _End = Endomorphism>
  void update(size_type first, size_type last, _End const &endo) {
    static_assert(__support_lazy);

    assert(last <= size_orig);
    if (!(first < last)) return;
    first += size_ext, last += size_ext;

    --last;
    for (auto i = height; i; --i) push(first >> i), push(last >> i);
    ++last;

    for (auto l = first, r = last; l < r; l >>= 1, r >>= 1) {
      if (l & 1) apply(pull(l++), endo);
      if (r & 1) apply(pull(--r), endo);
    }

    for (first >>= __builtin_ffs(first); data[first]; first >>= 1)
      data[first].reset();

    for (last >>= __builtin_ffs(last); data[last]; last >>= 1)
      data[last].reset();
  }

  /**
   * @brief Binary search for the partition point.
   * @param right Right fixed end of the interval, exclusive
   * @param pred Predicate in the form of either 'bool(Monoid)' or 'bool(Monoid,
   * size_type)'
   * @return Left end of the extremal interval satisfying the condition,
   * inclusive.
   */
  template <class Pred> size_type left_partition(size_type right, Pred pred) {
    assert(right <= size_orig);
    right += size_ext;

    if constexpr (__support_lazy)
      for (size_t i{height}; i; --i) push(right >> i);

    Monoid mono{};
    for (size_type left{size_ext}, step{}; left != right;
         left >>= 1, right >>= 1, ++step) {
      if ((left & 1) != (right & 1)) {
        Monoid tmp = *pull(--right) + mono;
        if (!pass_args(pred, tmp, (right << step) ^ size_ext))
          return left_partition_subtree(right, mono, step, pred);
        mono = tmp;
      }
    }

    return 0;
  }

  /**
   * @brief Binary search for the partition point.
   * @param left Left fixed end of the interval, inclusive
   * @param pred Predicate in the form of either 'bool(Monoid)' or 'bool(Monoid,
   * size_type)'
   * @return Right end of the extremal interval satisfying the condition,
   * exclusive.
   */
  template <class Pred> size_type right_partition(size_type left, Pred pred) {
    assert(left <= size_orig);
    left += size_ext;

    if constexpr (__support_lazy)
      for (size_t i{height}; i; --i) push(left >> i);

    Monoid mono{};
    for (size_type right{size_ext << 1}, step{}; left != right;
         left >>= 1, right >>= 1, ++step) {
      if ((left & 1) != (right & 1)) {
        Monoid tmp = mono + *pull(left);
        if (!pass_args(pred, tmp, ((left + 1) << step) ^ size_ext))
          return right_partition_subtree(left, mono, step, pred);
        mono = tmp;
        ++left;
      }
    }

    return size_orig;
  }
};

}  // namespace workspace
#line 27 "other/yu.cc"

namespace workspace {

void main() {
  // start here!

  int n, q;
  cin >> n >> q;

  struct endo {
    bool flag = false;
    endo operator*(endo r) { return {flag or r.flag}; }
  };

  struct data {
    i64 v = 0, c = 0;

    data() {}
    data(i64 a) : v(a), c(1) {}
    data(i64 v, i64 c) : v(v), c(c) {}

    data operator+(data r) const { return {v + r.v, c + r.c}; }

    data operator*(endo r) { return !r.flag ? *this : data(); }
  };

  segment_tree<data, endo> sgt(n);

  for (auto &x : sgt) {
    int a;
    cin >> a;
    x = a;
  }

  while (q--) {
    int tp;
    cin >> tp;
    int l, r;
    cin >> l >> r;
    ++r;

    l = sgt.right_partition(0, [&](auto x) { return x.c < l; });
    r = sgt.right_partition(0, [&](auto x) { return x.c < r; });

    switch (tp) {
      case 1: {
        auto f = sgt.fold(l, r);
        sgt.update(l, r, {1});
        sgt[l] = f.v;
      } break;

      case 2: {
        cout << sgt.fold(l, r).v << "\n";
      } break;
    }
  }
}

}  // namespace workspace