package contest210521; import java.io.*; import java.util.ArrayDeque; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.InputMismatchException; import java.util.Queue; import java.util.function.IntUnaryOperator; import java.util.function.LongUnaryOperator; public class F { InputStream is; FastWriter out; String INPUT = ""; public void solve() { int n = ni(), K = ni(); final int mod = 998244353; long[][] dp = new long[K][K]; long[][] ep = new long[K][K]; for(int i = 0;i < K;i++){ Arrays.fill(dp[i], 1L); for(int j = 0;j < K;j++){ ep[i][j] = i + j; } } long[] dpss = new long[1000]; long[] epss = new long[1000]; for(int i = 2;i < 1002;i++){ long[][] ndp = new long[K][K]; long[][] nep = new long[K][K]; for(int k = 0;k < K;k++){ long dps = 0; long eps = 0; for(int l = 0;l < k;l++) { dps += dp[l][k]; eps += ep[l][k] + l * dp[l][k]; eps %= mod; } dps %= mod; for(int j = 0;j < k;j++){ ndp[k][j] = dps - dp[j][k]; if(ndp[k][j] < 0)ndp[k][j] += mod; nep[k][j] = eps - ep[j][k] - j * dp[j][k]; nep[k][j] %= mod; if(nep[k][j] < 0)nep[k][j] += mod; } long dpu = 0; long epu = 0; for(int l = k+1;l < K;l++){ dpu += dp[l][k]; epu += ep[l][k] + l * dp[l][k]; epu %= mod; } dpu %= mod; for(int j = k+1;j < K;j++){ ndp[k][j] = dpu - dp[j][k]; if(ndp[k][j] < 0)ndp[k][j] += mod; nep[k][j] = epu - ep[j][k] - j * dp[j][k]; nep[k][j] %= mod; if(nep[k][j] < 0)nep[k][j] += mod; } } dp = ndp; ep = nep; long ans = 0; for(int k = 0;k 0;n >>>= 1){ if((n&1)==1){ ret = (ret * mul) % mod; } mul = (mul * mul) % mod; } return ret; } long[][] m2 = new long[m-1][m]; for(int j = 0;j < m;j++){ m2[0][j] = co[j]; } for(int i = 1;i < m-1;i++){ for(int j = 0;j < m;j++){ long x = m2[i-1][m-1] * co[j]; if(j-1 >= 0)x += m2[i-1][j-1]; m2[i][j] = x % mod; } } long[] ret = new long[m]; ret[0] = 1; long[] temp = new long[2*m]; for(int l = 62;l >= 0;l--){ if(n<<~l<0){ for(int i = 0;i < m;i++)temp[i] = ret[m-1] * co[i]; for(int i = 1;i < m;i++)temp[i] += ret[i-1]; for(int i = 0;i < m;i++)ret[i] = temp[i] % mod; } if(l > 0){ Arrays.fill(temp, 0L); for(int i = 0;i < m;i++){ for(int j = 0;j < m;j++){ temp[i+j] += ret[i] * ret[j] % mod; } } for(int i = 0;i < 2*m-1;i++){ temp[i] %= mod; } for(int i = 0;i < m;i++){ long s = temp[i]; for(int j = m;j < 2*m-1;j++){ s += temp[j] * m2[j-m][i] % mod; } ret[i] = s % mod; } } } long s = 0; for(int i = 0;i < m;i++){ s += ret[i] * a[i] % mod; } return s % mod; } public static long dot(long[] a, long[] b, int mod) { long s = 0; for(int i = 0;i < a.length;i++){ s += a[i] * b[i]; s %= mod; } return s; } ////////// public static long[] modifiedBerlekampMassey(long[] a, int mod) { assert a.length % 2 == 0; int n = a.length/2; int m = 2*n-1; long[] R0 = new long[2*n+1]; R0[2*n] = 1; long[] R1 = new long[2*n]; for(int i = 0;i < 2*n;i++)R1[i] = a[m-i]; R1 = strip(R1); long[] v0 = {0L}; long[] v1 = {1L}; while(n <= R1.length-1){ long[][] QR = divmod(R0, R1, mod); long[] v = sub(v0, mul(QR[0], v1, mod), mod); v0 = v1; v1 = v; R0 = R1; R1 = QR[1]; } // normalize long z = invl(v1[v1.length-1], mod); for(int i = 0;i < v1.length;i++){ v1[i] = v1[i] * z % mod; } return strip(v1); } public static long[] mul(long[] a, long[] b, int mod) { long[] c = new long[a.length+b.length-1]; for(int i = 0;i < a.length;i++){ for(int j = 0;j < b.length;j++){ c[i+j] += a[i] * b[j]; c[i+j] %= mod; } } return strip(c); } public static long[] sub(long[] a, long[] b, int mod) { long[] c = Arrays.copyOf(a, Math.max(a.length, b.length)); for(int i = 0;i < c.length;i++){ c[i] -= b[i]; if(c[i] < 0)c[i] += mod; } return strip(c); } public static long[] strip(long[] a) { int i; for(i = a.length-1;i > 0 && a[i] == 0;i--); if(i + 1 == a.length)return a; return Arrays.copyOf(a, i+1); } public static long[][] divmod(long[] A, long[] B, int mod) { assert B[B.length-1] != 0; long[] R = Arrays.copyOf(A, A.length); long[] Q = new long[Math.max(1, A.length-B.length+1)]; long ib = invl(B[B.length-1], mod); for(int i = A.length-1, t = Q.length-1;i >= B.length-1;i--,t--){ long m = R[i] * ib % mod; Q[t] = m; for(int j = 0, k = i-B.length+1+j;j < B.length;j++,k++){ R[k] -= B[j] * m; R[k] %= mod; if(R[k] < 0)R[k] += mod; } assert R[i] == 0; } return new long[][]{Q, strip(R)}; } public static long invl(long a, long mod) { long b = mod; long p = 1, q = 0; while (b > 0) { long c = a / b; long d; d = a; a = b; b = d % b; d = p; p = q; q = d - c * q; } return p < 0 ? p + mod : p; } public static int[][] enumFIF(int n, int mod) { int[] f = new int[n + 1]; int[] invf = new int[n + 1]; f[0] = 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { f[i] = (int) ((long) f[i - 1] * i % mod); } long a = f[n]; long b = mod; long p = 1, q = 0; while (b > 0) { long c = a / b; long d; d = a; a = b; b = d % b; d = p; p = q; q = d - c * q; } invf[n] = (int) (p < 0 ? p + mod : p); for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { invf[i] = (int) ((long) invf[i + 1] * (i + 1) % mod); } return new int[][]{f, invf}; } public static long guessDirectly2(long mod, long x, int[][] fif, long... y) { int n = y.length; if(0 <= x && x < n){ return y[(int)x]; }else{ x %= mod; long s = 0; long big = (Long.MAX_VALUE/mod/mod-1)*mod*mod; long[] left = new long[n+1]; left[0] = 1; for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){ left[i+1] = left[i] * (x-i) % mod; } long right = 1; for(int i = n-1;i >= 0;i--){ s += left[i] * right % mod * fif[1][i] % mod * fif[1][n-1-i] % mod * y[i]; if(s >= big)s -= big; if(s <= -big)s += big; right = right * -(x-i) % mod; } s %= mod; if(s < 0)s += mod; return s; } } public static void main(String[] args) { new F().run(); } public void run() { long S = System.currentTimeMillis(); is = INPUT.isEmpty() ? System.in : new ByteArrayInputStream(INPUT.getBytes()); out = new FastWriter(System.out); solve(); out.flush(); long G = System.currentTimeMillis(); tr(G-S+"ms"); // Thread t = new Thread(null, null, "~", Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory()){ // @Override // public void run() { // long s = System.currentTimeMillis(); // solve(); // out.flush(); // if(!INPUT.isEmpty())tr(System.currentTimeMillis()-s+"ms"); // } // }; // t.start(); // t.join(); } private boolean eof() { if(lenbuf == -1)return true; int lptr = ptrbuf; while(lptr < lenbuf)if(!isSpaceChar(inbuf[lptr++]))return false; try { is.mark(1000); while(true){ int b = is.read(); if(b == -1){ is.reset(); return true; }else if(!isSpaceChar(b)){ is.reset(); return false; } } } catch (IOException e) { return true; } } private final byte[] inbuf = new byte[1024]; public int lenbuf = 0, ptrbuf = 0; private int readByte() { if(lenbuf == -1)throw new InputMismatchException(); if(ptrbuf >= lenbuf){ ptrbuf = 0; try { lenbuf = is.read(inbuf); } catch (IOException e) { throw new InputMismatchException(); } if(lenbuf <= 0)return -1; } return inbuf[ptrbuf++]; } private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) { return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126); } // private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) { return !(c >= 32 && c <= 126); } private int skip() { int b; while((b = readByte()) != -1 && isSpaceChar(b)); return b; } private double nd() { return Double.parseDouble(ns()); } private char nc() { return (char)skip(); } private String ns() { int b = skip(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); while(!(isSpaceChar(b))){ sb.appendCodePoint(b); b = readByte(); } return sb.toString(); } private char[] ns(int n) { char[] buf = new char[n]; int b = skip(), p = 0; while(p < n && !(isSpaceChar(b))){ buf[p++] = (char)b; b = readByte(); } return n == p ? buf : Arrays.copyOf(buf, p); } private char[][] nm(int n, int m) { char[][] map = new char[n][]; for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)map[i] = ns(m); return map; } private int[] na(int n) { int[] a = new int[n]; for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)a[i] = ni(); return a; } private long[] nal(int n) { long[] a = new long[n]; for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)a[i] = nl(); return a; } private int ni() { int num = 0, b; boolean minus = false; while((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-')); if(b == '-'){ minus = true; b = readByte(); } while(true){ if(b >= '0' && b <= '9'){ num = num * 10 + (b - '0'); }else{ return minus ? -num : num; } b = readByte(); } } private long nl() { long num = 0; int b; boolean minus = false; while((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-')); if(b == '-'){ minus = true; b = readByte(); } while(true){ if(b >= '0' && b <= '9'){ num = num * 10 + (b - '0'); }else{ return minus ? -num : num; } b = readByte(); } } public static class FastWriter { private static final int BUF_SIZE = 1<<13; private final byte[] buf = new byte[BUF_SIZE]; private final OutputStream out; private int ptr = 0; private FastWriter(){out = null;} public FastWriter(OutputStream os) { this.out = os; } public FastWriter(String path) { try { this.out = new FileOutputStream(path); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { throw new RuntimeException("FastWriter"); } } public FastWriter write(byte b) { buf[ptr++] = b; if(ptr == BUF_SIZE)innerflush(); return this; } public FastWriter write(char c) { return write((byte)c); } public FastWriter write(char[] s) { for(char c : s){ buf[ptr++] = (byte)c; if(ptr == BUF_SIZE)innerflush(); } return this; } public FastWriter write(String s) { s.chars().forEach(c -> { buf[ptr++] = (byte)c; if(ptr == BUF_SIZE)innerflush(); }); return this; } private static int countDigits(int l) { if (l >= 1000000000) return 10; if (l >= 100000000) return 9; if (l >= 10000000) return 8; if (l >= 1000000) return 7; if (l >= 100000) return 6; if (l >= 10000) return 5; if (l >= 1000) return 4; if (l >= 100) return 3; if (l >= 10) return 2; return 1; } public FastWriter write(int x) { if(x == Integer.MIN_VALUE){ return write((long)x); } if(ptr + 12 >= BUF_SIZE)innerflush(); if(x < 0){ write((byte)'-'); x = -x; } int d = countDigits(x); for(int i = ptr + d - 1;i >= ptr;i--){ buf[i] = (byte)('0'+x%10); x /= 10; } ptr += d; return this; } private static int countDigits(long l) { if (l >= 1000000000000000000L) return 19; if (l >= 100000000000000000L) return 18; if (l >= 10000000000000000L) return 17; if (l >= 1000000000000000L) return 16; if (l >= 100000000000000L) return 15; if (l >= 10000000000000L) return 14; if (l >= 1000000000000L) return 13; if (l >= 100000000000L) return 12; if (l >= 10000000000L) return 11; if (l >= 1000000000L) return 10; if (l >= 100000000L) return 9; if (l >= 10000000L) return 8; if (l >= 1000000L) return 7; if (l >= 100000L) return 6; if (l >= 10000L) return 5; if (l >= 1000L) return 4; if (l >= 100L) return 3; if (l >= 10L) return 2; return 1; } public FastWriter write(long x) { if(x == Long.MIN_VALUE){ return write("" + x); } if(ptr + 21 >= BUF_SIZE)innerflush(); if(x < 0){ write((byte)'-'); x = -x; } int d = countDigits(x); for(int i = ptr + d - 1;i >= ptr;i--){ buf[i] = (byte)('0'+x%10); x /= 10; } ptr += d; return this; } public FastWriter write(double x, int precision) { if(x < 0){ write('-'); x = -x; } x += Math.pow(10, -precision)/2; // if(x < 0){ x = 0; } write((long)x).write("."); x -= (long)x; for(int i = 0;i < precision;i++){ x *= 10; write((char)('0'+(int)x)); x -= (int)x; } return this; } public FastWriter writeln(char c){ return write(c).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(int x){ return write(x).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(long x){ return write(x).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(double x, int precision){ return write(x, precision).writeln(); } public FastWriter write(int... xs) { boolean first = true; for(int x : xs) { if (!first) write(' '); first = false; write(x); } return this; } public FastWriter write(long... xs) { boolean first = true; for(long x : xs) { if (!first) write(' '); first = false; write(x); } return this; } public FastWriter write(IntUnaryOperator f, int... xs) { boolean first = true; for(int x : xs) { if (!first) write(' '); first = false; write(f.applyAsInt(x)); } return this; } public FastWriter write(LongUnaryOperator f, long... xs) { boolean first = true; for(long x : xs) { if (!first) write(' '); first = false; write(f.applyAsLong(x)); } return this; } public FastWriter writeln() { return write((byte)'\n'); } public FastWriter writeln(int... xs) { return write(xs).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(long... xs) { return write(xs).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(IntUnaryOperator f, int... xs) { return write(f, xs).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(LongUnaryOperator f, long... xs) { return write(f, xs).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(char[] line) { return write(line).writeln(); } public FastWriter writeln(char[]... map) { for(char[] line : map)write(line).writeln();return this; } public FastWriter writeln(String s) { return write(s).writeln(); } private void innerflush() { try { out.write(buf, 0, ptr); ptr = 0; } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("innerflush"); } } public void flush() { innerflush(); try { out.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("flush"); } } public FastWriter print(byte b) { return write(b); } public FastWriter print(char c) { return write(c); } public FastWriter print(char[] s) { return write(s); } public FastWriter print(String s) { return write(s); } public FastWriter print(int x) { return write(x); } public FastWriter print(long x) { return write(x); } public FastWriter print(double x, int precision) { return write(x, precision); } public FastWriter println(char c){ return writeln(c); } public FastWriter println(int x){ return writeln(x); } public FastWriter println(long x){ return writeln(x); } public FastWriter println(double x, int precision){ return writeln(x, precision); } public FastWriter print(int... xs) { return write(xs); } public FastWriter print(long... xs) { return write(xs); } public FastWriter print(IntUnaryOperator f, int... xs) { return write(f, xs); } public FastWriter print(LongUnaryOperator f, long... xs) { return write(f, xs); } public FastWriter println(int... xs) { return writeln(xs); } public FastWriter println(long... xs) { return writeln(xs); } public FastWriter println(IntUnaryOperator f, int... xs) { return writeln(f, xs); } public FastWriter println(LongUnaryOperator f, long... xs) { return writeln(f, xs); } public FastWriter println(char[] line) { return writeln(line); } public FastWriter println(char[]... map) { return writeln(map); } public FastWriter println(String s) { return writeln(s); } public FastWriter println() { return writeln(); } } public static void trnz(int... o) { for(int i = 0;i < o.length;i++)if(o[i] != 0)System.out.print(i+":"+o[i]+" "); System.out.println(); } // print ids which are 1 public static void trt(long... o) { Queue stands = new ArrayDeque<>(); for(int i = 0;i < o.length;i++){ for(long x = o[i];x != 0;x &= x-1)stands.add(i<<6|Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(x)); } System.out.println(stands); } public static void tf(boolean... r) { for(boolean x : r)System.out.print(x?'#':'.'); System.out.println(); } public static void tf(boolean[]... b) { for(boolean[] r : b) { for(boolean x : r)System.out.print(x?'#':'.'); System.out.println(); } System.out.println(); } public void tf(long[]... b) { if(INPUT.length() != 0) { for (long[] r : b) { for (long x : r) { for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) { System.out.print(x << ~i < 0 ? '#' : '.'); } } System.out.println(); } System.out.println(); } } public void tf(long... b) { if(INPUT.length() != 0) { for (long x : b) { for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) { System.out.print(x << ~i < 0 ? '#' : '.'); } } System.out.println(); } } private void tr(Object... o) { if(INPUT.length() != 0)System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(o)); } }