#include using namespace std; #define rep(i,n) for(ll i=0;i=0;i--) #define perl(i,r,l) for(ll i=r-1;i>=l;i--) #define fi first #define se second #define pb push_back #define ins insert #define pqueue(x) priority_queue,greater> #define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end() #define CST(x) cout<> #define rev(x) reverse(x); using ll=long long; using vl=vector; using vvl=vector>; using pl=pair; using vpl=vector; using vvpl=vector; const ll MOD=1000000007; const ll MOD9=998244353; const int inf=1e9+10; const ll INF=4e18; const ll dy[9]={0,1,-1,0,1,1,-1,-1,0}; const ll dx[9]={1,0,0,-1,1,-1,1,-1,0}; template inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } template inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } struct UnionFind { vector par; vector edge; UnionFind(int n) : par(n, -1),edge(n, 0) {} int root(int x) { if (par[x] < 0) return x; else return par[x] = root(par[x]); } bool same(int x, int y) { return root(x) == root(y); } bool merge(int x, int y) { x = root(x); y = root(y); if (x == y) { edge[x]++; return false; } if (par[x] > par[y]) swap(x, y); par[x] += par[y]; par[y] = x; edge[x] += edge[y]+1; return true; } int size(int x) { return -par[root(x)]; } }; vl topsort(vvl &g){ ll n=g.size(); vl ans,ind(n); rep(i,n)for(auto e:g[i])ind[e]++; queue que; rep(i,n)if(!ind[i])que.push(i); while(!que.empty()){ ll v=que.front();que.pop(); ans.pb(v); for(auto nv:g[v]){ ind[nv]--;if(!ind[nv])que.push(nv); } } return ans; } int main(){ ll n,m;cin >> n >>m; vpl edge(m); UnionFind uf(n); rep(i,m){ ll a,b;cin >> a >> b;a--;b--; edge[i]={a,b}; uf.merge(a,b); } vector es(n); rep(i,m){ es[uf.root(edge[i].fi)].push_back(edge[i]); } vpl ans; rep(i,n){ if(es[i].empty())continue; vl pls; for(auto p:es[i]){ pls.push_back(p.first); pls.push_back(p.se); } sort(all(pls)); pls.erase(unique(all(pls)),pls.end()); ll z=pls.size(); vvl g(z); for(auto p:es[i]){ ll a=lower_bound(all(pls),p.first)-pls.begin(); ll b=lower_bound(all(pls),p.second)-pls.begin(); g[a].push_back(b); } auto tps=topsort(g); if(tps.size()!=z){ rep(j,z)ans.push_back({pls[j],pls[(j+1)%z]}); } else{ rep(j,z-1){ ans.push_back({pls[tps[j]],pls[tps[j+1]]}); } } } cout << ans.size() <