#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; using lint = long long; using pint = pair; using plint = pair; struct fast_ios { fast_ios(){ cin.tie(nullptr), ios::sync_with_stdio(false), cout << fixed << setprecision(20); }; } fast_ios_; #define ALL(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define FOR(i, begin, end) for(int i=(begin),i##_end_=(end);i=i##_begin_;i--) #define REP(i, n) FOR(i,0,n) #define IREP(i, n) IFOR(i,0,n) template void ndarray(vector& vec, const V& val, int len) { vec.assign(len, val); } template void ndarray(vector& vec, const V& val, int len, Args... args) { vec.resize(len), for_each(begin(vec), end(vec), [&](T& v) { ndarray(v, val, args...); }); } template bool chmax(T &m, const T q) { return m < q ? (m = q, true) : false; } template bool chmin(T &m, const T q) { return m > q ? (m = q, true) : false; } int floor_lg(long long x) { return x <= 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x); } template pair operator+(const pair &l, const pair &r) { return make_pair(l.first + r.first, l.second + r.second); } template pair operator-(const pair &l, const pair &r) { return make_pair(l.first - r.first, l.second - r.second); } template vector sort_unique(vector vec) { sort(vec.begin(), vec.end()), vec.erase(unique(vec.begin(), vec.end()), vec.end()); return vec; } template int arglb(const std::vector &v, const T &x) { return std::distance(v.begin(), std::lower_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x)); } template int argub(const std::vector &v, const T &x) { return std::distance(v.begin(), std::upper_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x)); } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector &vec) { for (auto &v : vec) is >> v; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &vec) { os << '['; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << ']'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const array &arr) { os << '['; for (auto v : arr) os << v << ','; os << ']'; return os; } #if __cplusplus >= 201703L template istream &operator>>(istream &is, tuple &tpl) { std::apply([&is](auto &&... args) { ((is >> args), ...);}, tpl); return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const tuple &tpl) { os << '('; std::apply([&os](auto &&... args) { ((os << args << ','), ...);}, tpl); return os << ')'; } #endif template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const deque &vec) { os << "deq["; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << ']'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const set &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const unordered_set &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const multiset &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const unordered_multiset &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair &pa) { os << '(' << pa.first << ',' << pa.second << ')'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const map &mp) { os << '{'; for (auto v : mp) os << v.first << "=>" << v.second << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const unordered_map &mp) { os << '{'; for (auto v : mp) os << v.first << "=>" << v.second << ','; os << '}'; return os; } #ifdef HITONANODE_LOCAL const string COLOR_RESET = "\033[0m", BRIGHT_GREEN = "\033[1;32m", BRIGHT_RED = "\033[1;31m", BRIGHT_CYAN = "\033[1;36m", NORMAL_CROSSED = "\033[0;9;37m", RED_BACKGROUND = "\033[1;41m", NORMAL_FAINT = "\033[0;2m"; #define dbg(x) cerr << BRIGHT_CYAN << #x << COLOR_RESET << " = " << (x) << NORMAL_FAINT << " (L" << __LINE__ << ") " << __FILE__ << COLOR_RESET << endl #define dbgif(cond, x) ((cond) ? cerr << BRIGHT_CYAN << #x << COLOR_RESET << " = " << (x) << NORMAL_FAINT << " (L" << __LINE__ << ") " << __FILE__ << COLOR_RESET << endl : cerr) #else #define dbg(x) (x) #define dbgif(cond, x) 0 #endif namespace SPRP { // http://miller-rabin.appspot.com/ const std::vector> bases{ {126401071349994536}, // < 291831 {336781006125, 9639812373923155}, // < 1050535501 (1e9) {2, 2570940, 211991001, 3749873356}, // < 47636622961201 (4e13) {2, 325, 9375, 28178, 450775, 9780504, 1795265022} // <= 2^64 }; inline int get_id(long long n) { if (n < 291831) { return 0; } else if (n < 1050535501) { return 1; } else if (n < 47636622961201) return 2; else { return 3; } } } // namespace SPRP // Miller-Rabin primality test // https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E2%80%93%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3%E7%B4%A0%E6%95%B0%E5%88%A4%E5%AE%9A%E6%B3%95 // Complexity: O(lg n) per query struct { long long modpow(__int128 x, __int128 n, long long mod) noexcept { __int128 ret = 1; for (x %= mod; n; x = x * x % mod, n >>= 1) ret = (n & 1) ? ret * x % mod : ret; return ret; } bool operator()(long long n) noexcept { if (n < 2) return false; if (n % 2 == 0) return n == 2; int s = __builtin_ctzll(n - 1); for (__int128 a : SPRP::bases[SPRP::get_id(n)]) { if (a % n == 0) continue; a = modpow(a, (n - 1) >> s, n); bool may_composite = true; if (a == 1) continue; for (int r = s; r--; a = a * a % n) { if (a == n - 1) may_composite = false; } if (may_composite) return false; } return true; } } is_prime; struct { // Pollard's rho algorithm: find factor greater than 1 long long find_factor(long long n) { assert(n > 1); if (n % 2 == 0) return 2; if (is_prime(n)) return n; long long c = 1; auto f = [&](__int128 x) -> long long { return (x * x + c) % n; }; for (int t = 1;; t++) { long long x0 = t, m = std::max(n >> 3, 1LL), x, ys, y = x0, r = 1, g, q = 1; do { x = y; for (int i = r; i--;) y = f(y); long long k = 0; do { ys = y; for (int i = std::min(m, r - k); i--;) y = f(y), q = __int128(q) * std::abs(x - y) % n; g = std::__gcd(q, n); k += m; } while (k < r and g <= 1); r <<= 1; } while (g <= 1); if (g == n) { do { ys = f(ys); g = std::__gcd(std::abs(x - ys), n); } while (g <= 1); } if (g != n) return g; } } std::vector operator()(long long n) { std::vector ret; while (n > 1) { long long f = find_factor(n); if (f < n) { auto tmp = operator()(f); ret.insert(ret.end(), tmp.begin(), tmp.end()); } else ret.push_back(n); n /= f; } std::sort(ret.begin(), ret.end()); return ret; } } FactorizeLonglong; vector> solve() { lint S, T; cin >> S >> T; const lint S2 = S * S; if (T % 2) return {}; lint u = T / 2; if (S2 % u) return {}; if (__int128(u) * u * u < S2 / u) return {}; const lint z = S2 / u; auto ff = FactorizeLonglong(z); map mp; for (auto p : ff) mp[p]++; vector facs{1}; for (auto [p, deg] : mp) { vector nxt = facs; for (auto x : facs) { REP(t, deg) { x *= p; nxt.push_back(x); } } facs = nxt; } vector> ret; for (auto q : facs) { lint a = u - q; if (a <= 0) continue; lint bc = z / q - u * u + u * (T - a); lint D = (T - a) * (T - a) - 4 * bc; if (D < 0) continue; lint d = sqrtl(D) - 2; REP(t, 10) { if (d >= 0 and d * d == D) break; d++; } if (d * d != D) continue; lint b2 = T - a + d; lint c2 = T - a - d; if (b2 % 2 == 0) { ret.push_back(vector{a, b2 / 2, c2 / 2}); } } for (auto &v : ret) sort(ALL(v)); ret = sort_unique(ret); return ret; } int main() { int T; cin >> T; while (T--) { auto ret = solve(); cout << ret.size() << '\n'; for (auto v : ret) { for (auto x : v) cout << x << ' '; cout << '\n'; } } }