# require "/template" # require "./scanner" # ### Specifications # # ```plain # Inside input macro | Expanded code # ----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------- # Uppercase string: Int32, Int64, Float64, etc. | {}.new(Scanner.s) # s | Scanner.s # c | Scanner.c # Other lowercase string: i, i64, f, etc. | Scanner.s.to_{} # operator[]: type[size] | Array.new(input(size)) { input(type) } # Tuple literal: {t1, t2, t3} | {input(t1), input(t2), input(t3)} # Array literal: [t1, t2, t3] | [input(t1), input(t2), input(t3)] # Range literal: t1..t2 | input(t1)..input(t2) # If: cond ? t1 : t2 | cond ? input(t1) : input(t2) # Assign: target = value | target = input(value) # ``` # # ### Examples # # Input: # ```plain # 5 3 # foo bar # 1 2 3 4 5 # ``` # ``` # n, m = input(Int32, Int64) # => {5, 10i64} # input(String, Char[m]) # => {"foo", ['b', 'a', 'r']} # input(Int32[n]) # => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] # ``` # ``` # n, m = input(i, i64) # => {5, 10i64} # input(s, c[m]) # => {"foo", ['b', 'a', 'r']} # input(i[n]) # => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] # ``` # # Input: # ```plain # 2 3 # 1 2 3 # 4 5 6 # ``` # # ``` # h, w = input(i, i) # => {2, 3} # input(i[h, w]) # => [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] # ``` # ``` # input(i[i][i]) # => [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] # ``` # # Input: # ```plain # 5 3 # 3 1 4 2 5 # 1 2 # 2 3 # 3 1 # ``` # ``` # n, m = input(i, i) # => {5, 3} # input(i.pred[n]) # => [2, 0, 3, 1, 4] # input({i - 1, i - 1}[m]) # => [{0, 1}, {1, 2}, {2, 0}] # ``` # # Input: # ```plain # 3 # 1 2 # 2 2 # 3 2 # ``` # ``` # input({tmp = i, tmp == 1 ? i : i.pred}[i]) # => [{1, 2}, {2, 1}, {3, 1}] # ``` # # Input: # ```plain # 3 # 1 2 # 2 3 # 3 1 # ``` # ``` # n = input(i) # input_column({Int32, Int32}, n) # => {[1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 1]} # ``` class Scanner private def self.skip_to_not_space peek = STDIN.peek not_space = peek.index { |x| x != 32 && x != 10 } || peek.size STDIN.skip(not_space) end def self.c skip_to_not_space STDIN.read_char.not_nil! end def self.s skip_to_not_space peek = STDIN.peek if index = peek.index { |x| x == 32 || x == 10 } STDIN.skip(index + 1) return String.new(peek[0, index]) end String.build do |buffer| loop do buffer.write peek STDIN.skip(peek.size) peek = STDIN.peek break if peek.empty? if index = peek.index { |x| x == 32 || x == 10 } buffer.write peek[0, index] STDIN.skip(index) break end end end end end macro internal_input(type, else_ast) {% if Scanner.class.has_method?(type.id) %} Scanner.{{type.id}} {% elsif type.stringify == "String" %} Scanner.s {% elsif type.stringify == "Char" %} Scanner.c {% elsif type.stringify =~ /[A-Z][a-z0-9_]*/ %} {{type.id}}.new(Scanner.s) {% elsif String.has_method?("to_#{type}".id) %} Scanner.s.to_{{type.id}} {% else %} {{else_ast}} {% end %} end macro internal_input_array(type, args) {% for i in 0...args.size %} %size{i} = input({{args[i]}}) {% end %} {% begin %} {% for i in 0...args.size %} Array.new(%size{i}) { {% end %} input({{type.id}}) {% for i in 0...args.size %} } {% end %} {% end %} end macro input(type) {% if type.is_a?(Call) %} {% if type.receiver.is_a?(Nop) %} internal_input( {{type.name}}, {{type.name}}( {% for argument in type.args %} input({{argument}}), {% end %} ) ) {% elsif type.name.stringify == "[]" %} internal_input_array({{type.receiver}}, {{type.args}}) {% else %} input({{type.receiver}}).{{type.name.id}}( {% for argument in type.args %} input({{argument}}), {% end %} ) {{type.block}} {% end %} {% elsif type.is_a?(TupleLiteral) %} { {% for i in 0...type.size %} input({{type[i]}}), {% end %} } {% elsif type.is_a?(ArrayLiteral) %} [ {% for i in 0...type.size %} input({{type[i]}}), {% end %} ] {% elsif type.is_a?(RangeLiteral) %} Range.new(input({{type.begin}}), input({{type.end}}), {{type.excludes_end?}}) {% elsif type.is_a?(If) %} {{type.cond}} ? input({{type.then}}) : input({{type.else}}) {% elsif type.is_a?(Assign) %} {{type.target}} = input({{type.value}}) {% else %} internal_input({{type.id}}, {{type.id}}) {% end %} end macro input(*types) { {% for type in types %} input({{type}}), {% end %} } end macro input_column(types, size) {% for type, i in types %} %array{i} = Array({{type}}).new({{size}}) {% end %} {{size}}.times do {% for type, i in types %} %array{i} << input({{type}}) {% end %} end { {% for type, i in types %} %array{i}, {% end %} } end # require "./tuple/times" struct Tuple def times(&block) : Nil {% begin %} {% for i in 0...@type.size %} {% if @type[i].has_method?(:each) %} self[{{i}}].each do |i{{i}}| {% else %} self[{{i}}].times do |i{{i}}| {% end %} {% end %} yield({% for i in 0...@type.size %} i{{i}}, {% end %}) {% for i in 0...@type.size %} end {% end %} {% end %} end private class TimesIterator(T) include Iterator(T) def initialize(@n : T) tuple = {% begin %} { {% for i in 0...T.size %} T[{{i}}].zero, {% end %} } {% end %} @index = tuple.as(T) @first = true end def next if @first @first = false return @index end {% begin %} {% type = @type.type_vars[0] size = type.size %} {% for i in 1..size %} if @index[{{size - i}}] < @n[{{size - i}}] - 1 @index = { {% for j in 0...size %} {% if j < size - i %} @index[{{j}}], {% elsif j == size - i %} @index[{{j}}] + 1, {% else %} {{type[j]}}.zero, {% end %} {% end %} } return @index end {% end %} stop {% end %} end end def times TimesIterator(self).new(self) end end # require "./comparable/min_max" module Comparable(T) def min(x : T) self > x ? x : self end def max(x : T) self < x ? x : self end end # require "./array/new" class Array def self.new(sizes : Tuple(*T), initial_value) forall T {% begin %} {% for i in 0...T.size %} Array.new(sizes[{{i}}]) { {% end %} initial_value {% for i in 0...T.size %} } {% end %} {% end %} end def self.new(sizes : Tuple(*T), &block) forall T {% begin %} {% for i in 0...T.size %} Array.new(sizes[{{i}}]) { |%i{i}| {% end %} yield({% for i in 0...T.size %} %i{i}, {% end %}) {% for i in 0...T.size %} } {% end %} {% end %} end end # require "./array/change" class Array(T) def chmin(i : Int, value : T) (self[i] > value).tap do |f| self[i] = value if f end end protected def chmin(i : Int, *indexes, value) self[i].chmin(*indexes, value: value) end def chmin(indexes : Tuple, value) chmin(*indexes, value: value) end def chmax(i : Int, value : T) (self[i] < value).tap do |f| self[i] = value if f end end protected def chmax(i : Int, *indexes, value) self[i].chmax(*indexes, value: value) end def chmax(indexes : Tuple, value) chmax(*indexes, value: value) end end # require "/graph/decompose" # require "../graph" # require "./graph/edge" struct WeightedEdge(T) include Comparable(WeightedEdge(T)) property to : Int32, cost : T def initialize(@to, @cost : T) end def <=>(other : WeightedEdge(T)) {cost, to} <=> {other.cost, other.to} end def to_s(io) : Nil io << '(' << to << ", " << cost << ')' end def inspect(io) : Nil io << "->#{to}(#{cost})" end end struct WeightedEdge2(T) include Comparable(WeightedEdge2(T)) property from : Int32, to : Int32, cost : T def initialize(@from, @to, @cost : T) end def initialize(@from, edge : WeightedEdge(T)) @to, @cost = edge.to, edge.cost end def <=>(other : WeightedEdge2(T)) {cost, from, to} <=> {other.cost, other.from, other.to} end def reverse WeightedEdge2(T).new(to, from, cost) end def sort WeightedEdge2(T).new(*{to, from}.minmax, cost) end def to_s(io) : Nil io << '(' << from << ", " << to << ", " << cost << ')' end def inspect(io) : Nil io << from << "->" << to << '(' << cost << ')' end end struct UnweightedEdge property to : Int32 def initialize(@to) end def initialize(@to, cost) end def cost 1 end def to_s(io) : Nil io << to end def inspect(io) : Nil io << "->" << to end end struct UnweightedEdge2 property from : Int32, to : Int32 def initialize(@from, @to) end def initialize(@from, @to, cost) end def initialize(@from, edge : UnweightedEdge) @to = edge.to end def cost 1 end def reverse UnweightedEdge2.new(to, from) end def sort UnweightedEdge2.new(*{to, from}.minmax) end def to_s(io) : Nil io << '(' << from << ", " << to << ')' end def inspect(io) : Nil io << from << "->" << to end end module Graph(Edge, Edge2) include Enumerable(Edge2) getter graph : Array(Array(Edge)) def initialize(size : Int) @graph = Array(Array(Edge)).new(size) { [] of Edge } end def initialize(size : Int, edges : Enumerable) initialize(size) add_edges(edges) end # Add *edge*. abstract def <<(edge : Edge2) # :ditto: def <<(edge : Tuple) self << Edge2.new(*edge) end def add_edges(edges : Enumerable) edges.each { |edge| self << edge } end delegate size, to: @graph delegate :[], to: @graph # Yields each edge of the graph, ans returns `nil`. def each(&) : Nil (0...size).each do |v| self[v].each do |edge| yield Edge2.new(v, edge) end end end def reverse if self.class.directed? each_with_object(self.class.new(size)) do |edge, reversed| reversed << edge.reverse end else dup end end def to_undirected if self.class.directed? each_with_object(self.class.new(size)) do |edge, graph| graph << edge graph << edge.reverse if self.class.directed? end else dup end end def to_s(io : IO) : Nil io << '[' join(", ", io) do |edge, io| edge.inspect io end io << ']' end def inspect(io : IO) : Nil io << "[\n" graph.each do |edges| io << " " << edges << ",\n" end io << ']' end end class DirectedGraph(T) include Graph(WeightedEdge(T), WeightedEdge2(T)) def initialize(size : Int) super end def initialize(size : Int, edges : Enumerable(WeightedEdge2(T))) super end def initialize(size : Int, edges : Enumerable({Int32, Int32, T})) super end def <<(edge : WeightedEdge2(T)) raise IndexError.new unless 0 <= edge.from < size && 0 <= edge.to < size @graph[edge.from] << WeightedEdge.new(edge.to, edge.cost) self end def self.weighted? true end def self.directed? true end end class UndirectedGraph(T) include Graph(WeightedEdge(T), WeightedEdge2(T)) def initialize(size : Int) super end def initialize(size : Int, edges : Enumerable(WeightedEdge2(T))) super end def initialize(size : Int, edges : Enumerable({Int32, Int32, T})) super end def <<(edge : WeightedEdge2(T)) raise IndexError.new unless 0 <= edge.from < size && 0 <= edge.to < size @graph[edge.from] << WeightedEdge.new(edge.to, edge.cost) @graph[edge.to] << WeightedEdge.new(edge.from, edge.cost) self end def self.weighted? true end def self.directed? false end end class UnweightedDirectedGraph include Graph(UnweightedEdge, UnweightedEdge2) def initialize(size : Int) super end def initialize(size : Int, edges : Enumerable) super end def <<(edge : UnweightedEdge2) raise IndexError.new unless 0 <= edge.from < size && 0 <= edge.to < size @graph[edge.from] << UnweightedEdge.new(edge.to) self end def self.weighted? false end def self.directed? true end end class UnweightedUndirectedGraph include Graph(UnweightedEdge, UnweightedEdge2) def initialize(size : Int) super end def initialize(size : Int, edges : Enumerable) super end def <<(edge : UnweightedEdge2) raise IndexError.new unless 0 <= edge.from < size && 0 <= edge.to < size @graph[edge.from] << UnweightedEdge.new(edge.to) @graph[edge.to] << UnweightedEdge.new(edge.from) self end def each_child(vertex : Int, parent, &block) : Nil graph[vertex].each do |u| yield u if u != parent end end def each_child(vertex : Int, parent) graph[vertex].each.select { |u| u != parent } end def self.weighted? false end def self.directed? false end end # require "../datastructure/union_find" class UnionFind @d : Array(Int32) def initialize(n : Int) @d = Array.new(n, -1) end def initialize(n : Int, edges : Enumerable({Int32, Int32})) initialize(n) edges.each { |u, v| unite(u, v) } end def root(x : Int) @d[x] < 0 ? x : (@d[x] = root(@d[x])) end def unite(x : Int, y : Int) x = root(x) y = root(y) return false if x == y x, y = y, x if @d[x] > @d[y] @d[x] += @d[y] @d[y] = x true end def same?(x : Int, y : Int) root(x) == root(y) end def size(x : Int) -@d[root(x)] end def groups groups = Hash(Int32, Set(Int32)).new { |h, k| h[k] = Set(Int32).new } @d.size.times do |i| groups[root(i)] << i end groups.values.to_set end end module Graph(Edge, Edge2) # Decomposes the graph into each conected components. def decompose : {Array(self), Array({Int32, Int32}), Array(Array(Int32))} uf = UnionFind.new(size) each do |edge| uf.unite(edge.from, edge.to) end groups = uf.groups.to_a index = Array.new(size, {-1, -1}) groups.each_with_index do |group, i| group.each_with_index do |v, j| index[v] = {i, j} end end normalize = Array.new(groups.size) { |i| Array.new(groups[i].size, -1) } index.each_with_index { |(i, j), k| normalize[i][j] = k } graphs = Array.new(groups.size) { |i| self.class.new(groups[i].size) } if self.class.directed? each do |edge| i1, j1 = index[edge.from] _, j2 = index[edge.to] graphs[i1] << {j1, j2, edge.cost} end else edge_set = Set(Edge2).new each do |edge| if edge_set.add?(edge.sort) i1, j1 = index[edge.from] _, j2 = index[edge.to] graphs[i1] << {j1, j2, edge.cost} end end end {graphs, index, normalize} end end # require "/graph/namori_decompose" # require "../graph" # require "./degree" # require "../graph" module Graph(Edge, Edge2) # Returns table of indegree. def indegree : Array(Int32) each_with_object(Array.new(size, 0)) do |edge, cnt| cnt[edge.to] += 1 end end # Returns table of outdegree. def outdegree : Array(Int32) each_with_object(Array.new(size, 0)) do |edge, cnt| cnt[edge.from] += 1 end end end module Graph(Edge, Edge2) # Returns forest and cycle of the undirected graph with equal number of vertices and edges. def namori_decompose : {self, Array(Int32)} raise ArgumentError.new unless !self.class.directed? raise ArgumentError.new unless size == graph.sum(&.size) // 2 deg = Array.new(size) { |i| self[i].size } que = Deque(Int32).new flag = Array.new(size, false) (0...size).each do |i| if deg[i] == 1 que << i flag[i] = true end end forest = self.class.new(size) while v = que.shift? self[v].each do |edge| next if flag[edge.to] deg[edge.to] -= 1 forest << Edge2.new(v, edge) if deg[edge.to] == 1 que << edge.to flag[edge.to] = true end end end cycle = [] of Int32 (0...size).each do |i| que << i unless flag[i] while v = que.pop? next if flag[v] cycle << v flag[v] = true self[v].each do |edge| que << edge.to unless flag[edge.to] end end end {forest, cycle} end end def dfs(graph, v, p, dist, a) a[v] = dist graph[v].each do |edge| next if edge.to == p dfs(graph, edge.to, v, dist + 1, a) end end n = input(i) edges = input({i - 1, i - 1}[n]) ans = Array(Int32?).new(n, nil) g = UndirectedGraph.new n, edges.each_with_index.map { |(e, i)| {e[0], e[1], i} } graphs, index, normalize = g.decompose graphs.zip(normalize) do |graph, normalize| if graph.size != graph.graph.sum(&.size) // 2 puts "No"; exit end forest, cycle = graph.namori_decompose dist = [0] * graph.size cycle_index = [nil.as Int32?] * graph.size cycle.each_with_index do |v, i| cycle_index[v] = i dfs(forest, v, -1, 0, dist) end flag = false graph.each do |edge| d_from, d_to = dist[edge.from], dist[edge.to] c_from, c_to = cycle_index[edge.from], cycle_index[edge.to] if d_from < d_to ans[edge.cost] = normalize[edge.to] elsif d_from == d_to if cycle.size == 1 ans[edge.cost] = normalize[edge.to] elsif cycle.size == 2 next unless c_from.not_nil! < c_to.not_nil! if {edge.from, edge.to} == {cycle.first, cycle.last} ans[edge.cost] = normalize[flag ? edge.to : edge.from] flag = true else ans[edge.cost] = normalize[edge.from] end else next unless c_from.not_nil! < c_to.not_nil! if {edge.from, edge.to} == {cycle.first, cycle.last} ans[edge.cost] = normalize[edge.to] else ans[edge.cost] = normalize[edge.from] end end end end end puts "Yes", ans.join('\n', &.not_nil!.succ)