// https://qiita.com/tanakh/items/0ba42c7ca36cd29d0ac8 macro_rules! input { ($($r:tt)*) => { let stdin = std::io::stdin(); let mut bytes = std::io::Read::bytes(std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock())); let mut next = move || -> String{ bytes.by_ref().map(|r|r.unwrap() as char) .skip_while(|c|c.is_whitespace()) .take_while(|c|!c.is_whitespace()) .collect() }; input_inner!{next, $($r)*} }; } macro_rules! input_inner { ($next:expr) => {}; ($next:expr, ) => {}; ($next:expr, $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => { let $var = read_value!($next, $t); input_inner!{$next $($r)*} }; } macro_rules! read_value { ($next:expr, [ $t:tt ; $len:expr ]) => { (0..$len).map(|_| read_value!($next, $t)).collect::>() }; ($next:expr, $t:ty) => ($next().parse::<$t>().expect("Parse error")); } /// Verified by https://atcoder.jp/contests/arc093/submissions/3968098 mod mod_int { use std::ops::*; pub trait Mod: Copy { fn m() -> i64; } #[derive(Copy, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)] pub struct ModInt { pub x: i64, phantom: ::std::marker::PhantomData } impl ModInt { // x >= 0 pub fn new(x: i64) -> Self { ModInt::new_internal(x % M::m()) } fn new_internal(x: i64) -> Self { ModInt { x: x, phantom: ::std::marker::PhantomData } } pub fn pow(self, mut e: i64) -> Self { debug_assert!(e >= 0); let mut sum = ModInt::new_internal(1); let mut cur = self; while e > 0 { if e % 2 != 0 { sum *= cur; } cur *= cur; e /= 2; } sum } #[allow(dead_code)] pub fn inv(self) -> Self { self.pow(M::m() - 2) } } impl>> Add for ModInt { type Output = Self; fn add(self, other: T) -> Self { let other = other.into(); let mut sum = self.x + other.x; if sum >= M::m() { sum -= M::m(); } ModInt::new_internal(sum) } } impl>> Sub for ModInt { type Output = Self; fn sub(self, other: T) -> Self { let other = other.into(); let mut sum = self.x - other.x; if sum < 0 { sum += M::m(); } ModInt::new_internal(sum) } } impl>> Mul for ModInt { type Output = Self; fn mul(self, other: T) -> Self { ModInt::new(self.x * other.into().x % M::m()) } } impl>> AddAssign for ModInt { fn add_assign(&mut self, other: T) { *self = *self + other; } } impl>> SubAssign for ModInt { fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: T) { *self = *self - other; } } impl>> MulAssign for ModInt { fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: T) { *self = *self * other; } } impl Neg for ModInt { type Output = Self; fn neg(self) -> Self { ModInt::new(0) - self } } impl ::std::fmt::Display for ModInt { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result { self.x.fmt(f) } } impl ::std::fmt::Debug for ModInt { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result { let (mut a, mut b, _) = red(self.x, M::m()); if b < 0 { a = -a; b = -b; } write!(f, "{}/{}", a, b) } } impl From for ModInt { fn from(x: i64) -> Self { Self::new(x) } } // Finds the simplest fraction x/y congruent to r mod p. // The return value (x, y, z) satisfies x = y * r + z * p. fn red(r: i64, p: i64) -> (i64, i64, i64) { if r.abs() <= 10000 { return (r, 1, 0); } let mut nxt_r = p % r; let mut q = p / r; if 2 * nxt_r >= r { nxt_r -= r; q += 1; } if 2 * nxt_r <= -r { nxt_r += r; q -= 1; } let (x, z, y) = red(nxt_r, r); (x, y - q * z, z) } } // mod mod_int macro_rules! define_mod { ($struct_name: ident, $modulo: expr) => { #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)] struct $struct_name {} impl mod_int::Mod for $struct_name { fn m() -> i64 { $modulo } } } } const MOD: i64 = 998_244_353; define_mod!(P, MOD); type MInt = mod_int::ModInt

; // The author read the editorial. fn main() { input! { n: usize, a: [i64; 1 << n], } let mut b = vec![MInt::new(0); 1 << n]; for i in 0..1 << n { b[i] = a[i].into(); } for i in 0..n { for bits in 0..1 << n { if (bits & 1 << i) == 0 { let x = b[bits]; let y = b[bits | 1 << i]; b[bits | 1 << i] = x + y; } } } let s = b[(1 << n) - 1]; let mut tot = MInt::new(0); for bits in 1..1 << n { let rem = (1 << n) - 1 - bits; let tmp = s * (s - b[rem]).inv(); if bits.count_ones() % 2 == 1 { tot += tmp; } else { tot -= tmp; } } println!("{}", tot); }