#include using namespace std; constexpr int mod = 998244353; int dp[2][1501][1501]; long long modpow(long long a,long long b) { long long ans = 1; while(b) { if(b & 1) { (ans *= a) %= mod; } (a *= a) %= mod; b /= 2; } return ans; } long long fac[200005], finv[200005], inv[200005]; void COMinit() { fac[0] = fac[1] = finv[0] = finv[1] = inv[1] = 1; for (int i = 2; i < 200005; i++) { fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i % mod; inv[i] = mod - inv[mod % i] * (mod / i) % mod; finv[i] = finv[i - 1] * inv[i] % mod; } } long long COM(int n, int k){ if (n < k) return 0; if (n < 0 || k < 0) return 0; return fac[n] * (finv[k] * finv[n - k] % mod) % mod; } int main() { int N,K,M; cin >> N >> K >> M; vectorC(K+1,K+1); for(int i = 0; i < M; i++) { int L,R; cin >> L >> R; C[L] = min(C[L],R); } vector>F(K+1,vector(K+1,K+1)); for(int i = 0; i <= K; i++) { int mi = K+1; for(int j = i; j <= K; j++) { mi = min(mi,C[j]); F[i][j] = mi; } } dp[0][0][0] = 1; for(int i = 1; i <= K; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < i; j++) { for(int k = 0; k < i; k++) { if(F[j+1][i] > i) { dp[1][j][k] += dp[0][j][k]; if(dp[1][j][k] >= mod) dp[1][j][k] -= mod; } dp[1][i][k+1] += dp[0][j][k]; if(dp[1][i][k+1] >= mod) dp[1][i][k+1] -= mod; } } for(int j = 0; j <= i; j++) { for(int k = 0; k <= i; k++) { dp[0][j][k] = dp[1][j][k]; dp[1][j][k] = 0; } } } vectorPow(K+1); for(int i = 0; i <= K; i++) { Pow[i] = modpow(i,N); } COMinit(); vectortmp(K+1); for(int i = 0; i <= K; i++) { for(int j = 0; j <= i; j++) { if((i-j)%2 == 0) { tmp[i] += Pow[j]*COM(i,j)%mod; } else { tmp[i] += mod-Pow[j]*COM(i,j)%mod; } } tmp[i] %= mod; } long long ans = 0; for(int i = 0; i <= K; i++) { for(int j = 0; j <= K; j++) { ans += dp[0][i][j]*tmp[j]%mod; } } ans %= mod; cout << ans << endl; }