#include #include using namespace std; using namespace atcoder; #define rep(i,n)for (int i = 0; i < int(n); ++i) #define rrep(i,n)for (int i = int(n)-1; i >= 0; --i) #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define rall(x) (x).rbegin(), (x).rend() template void chmax(T& a, const T& b) {a = max(a, b);} template void chmin(T& a, const T& b) {a = min(a, b);} using ll = long long; using P = pair; using VI = vector; using VVI = vector; using VL = vector; using VVL = vector; using mint = modint998244353; mint op(mint x, mint y) { return x + y; } mint e() { return mint(); } constexpr int FACT_SIZE = 1000000; mint Fact[FACT_SIZE + 1]; mint iFact[FACT_SIZE + 1]; const auto fact_init = [] { Fact[0] = mint::raw(1); for(int i = 1; i <= FACT_SIZE; ++i) { Fact[i] = Fact[i-1] * i; } iFact[FACT_SIZE] = Fact[FACT_SIZE].inv(); for(int i = FACT_SIZE; i; --i) { iFact[i-1] = iFact[i] * i; } return false; }(); mint comb(int n, int k) { if (k == 0) return mint::raw(1); assert(n >= 0 && k >= 0); if (k > n) return mint::raw(0); return Fact[n] * iFact[n - k] * iFact[k]; } mint icomb(int n, int k) { return iFact[n] * Fact[n - k] * Fact[k]; } mint fact(int n) {return Fact[n];} mint perm(int n, int k) { assert(0 <= n); return Fact[n] * iFact[n - k]; } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); int n, k; cin >> n >> k; int m; cin >> m; vector

lr(m); for(auto& [l, r]: lr) cin >> l >> r, l--; sort(all(lr), [&](const P& lhs, const P& rhs) { return lhs.second < rhs.second || (lhs.second == rhs.second && lhs.first > rhs.first); }); vector

st; for(auto [l, r]: lr) { if (st.empty() || st.back().first < l) st.emplace_back(l, r); } lr = move(st); m = lr.size(); vector> dp; rep(i, k + 1) dp.emplace_back(m + 1); dp[0].set(0, 1); int l = 0, r = 0; rep(i, k) { while(l < m && lr[l].second <= i) l++; while(r < m && lr[r].first <= i) r++; for(int ii = i; ii >= 0; ii--) { mint v = dp[ii].prod(l, m + 1); dp[ii+1].set(r, dp[ii+1].get(r) + v); } } mint ans; for(int i = 0; i <= k; i++) { mint v = dp[i].get(m); mint s; for(int j = 0; j <= i; j++) { mint tmp = comb(i, j) * mint::raw(j).pow(n); if ((i - j) % 2 == 0) s += tmp; else s -= tmp; } ans += v * s; } cout << ans.val() << endl; }