#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES #include #include using namespace std; /* #include using namespace atcoder; */ /* #include #include using bll = boost::multiprecision::cpp_int; using bdouble = boost::multiprecision::number>; using namespace boost::multiprecision; */ #if defined(LOCAL_TEST) || defined(LOCAL_DEV) #define BOOST_STACKTRACE_USE_ADDR2LINE #define BOOST_STACKTRACE_ADDR2LINE_LOCATION /usr/local/opt/binutils/bin/addr2line #define _GNU_SOURCE 1 #include #endif #ifdef LOCAL_TEST namespace std { template class dvector : public std::vector { public: using std::vector::vector; template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::vector::reference operator[](std::size_t n) { if (this->size() <= n) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n' << "vector::_M_range_check: __n (which is " << n << ") >= this->size() (which is " << this->size() << ")" << '\n'; } return this->at(n); } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> const T_ operator[](std::size_t n) const { if (this->size() <= n) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n' << "vector::_M_range_check: __n (which is " << n << ") >= this->size() (which is " << this->size() << ")" << '\n'; } return this->at(n); } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> T_& operator[](std::size_t n) { if (this->size() <= n) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n' << "vector::_M_range_check: __n (which is " << n << ") >= this->size() (which is " << this->size() << ")" << '\n'; } return this->at(n); } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> const T_& operator[](std::size_t n) const { if (this->size() <= n) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n' << "vector::_M_range_check: __n (which is " << n << ") >= this->size() (which is " << this->size() << ")" << '\n'; } return this->at(n); } }; template , typename Allocator = std::allocator> class dmultiset : public std::multiset { public: using std::multiset::multiset; const typename std::multiset::iterator erase(const typename std::multiset::iterator it) { return std::multiset::erase(it); } std::size_t erase([[maybe_unused]] const T& x) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n'; assert(false); } std::size_t erase_all_elements(const T& x) { return std::multiset::erase(x); } }; } #define vector dvector #define multiset dmultiset class SIGFPE_exception : std::exception {}; class SIGSEGV_exception : std::exception {}; void catch_SIGFPE([[maybe_unused]] int e) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n'; throw SIGFPE_exception(); } void catch_SIGSEGV([[maybe_unused]] int e) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n'; throw SIGSEGV_exception(); } signed convertedmain(); signed main() { signal(SIGFPE, catch_SIGFPE); signal(SIGSEGV, catch_SIGSEGV); return convertedmain(); } #define main() convertedmain() #else #define erase_all_elements erase #endif #ifdef LOCAL_DEV template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::pair& p) { return s << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")"; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::array& a) { s << "{ "; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i){ s << a[i] << "\t"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::set& se) { s << "{ "; for (auto itr = se.begin(); itr != se.end(); ++itr){ s << (*itr) << "\t"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::multiset& se) { s << "{ "; for (auto itr = se.begin(); itr != se.end(); ++itr){ s << (*itr) << "\t"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::map& m) { s << "{\n"; for (auto itr = m.begin(); itr != m.end(); ++itr){ s << "\t" << (*itr).first << " : " << (*itr).second << "\n"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::deque& v) { for (std::size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i){ s << v[i]; if (i < v.size() - 1) s << "\t"; } return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::vector& v) { for (std::size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i){ s << v[i]; if (i < v.size() - 1) s << "\t"; } return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::vector>& vv) { s << "\\\n"; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < vv.size(); ++i){ s << vv[i] << "\n"; } return s; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const T (&v)[N]) { for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i){ s << v[i]; if (i < N - 1) s << "\t"; } return s; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const T (&vv)[N][M]) { s << "\\\n"; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i){ s << vv[i] << "\n"; } return s; } #if __has_include() template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const __gnu_pbds::tree& se) { s << "{ "; for (auto itr = se.begin(); itr != se.end(); ++itr){ s << (*itr) << "\t"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table& m) { s << "{\n"; for (auto itr = m.begin(); itr != m.end(); ++itr){ s << "\t" << (*itr).first << " : " << (*itr).second << "\n"; } s << "}"; return s; } #endif void debug_impl() { std::cerr << '\n'; } template void debug_impl(const Head& head, const Tail&... tail) { std::cerr << " " << head << (sizeof...(tail) ? "," : ""); debug_impl(tail...); } #define debug(...) do { std::cerr << ":" << __LINE__ << " (" << #__VA_ARGS__ << ") ="; debug_impl(__VA_ARGS__); } while (false) constexpr inline long long prodlocal([[maybe_unused]] long long prod, [[maybe_unused]] long long local) { return local; } #else #define debug(...) do {} while (false) constexpr inline long long prodlocal([[maybe_unused]] long long prod, [[maybe_unused]] long long local) { return prod; } #endif //#define int long long using ll = long long; //INT_MAX = (1<<31)-1 = 2147483647, INT64_MAX = (1LL<<63)-1 = 9223372036854775807 constexpr ll INF = std::numeric_limits::max() == INT_MAX ? (ll)1e9 + 7 : (ll)1e18; constexpr ll MOD = (ll)1e9 + 7; //primitive root = 5 //constexpr ll MOD = 998244353; //primitive root = 3 constexpr double EPS = 1e-9; constexpr ll dx[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0}; constexpr ll dy[4] = {0, 1, 0, -1}; constexpr ll dx8[8] = {1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1}; constexpr ll dy8[8] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1}; #define repoverload3(_1, _2, _3, name, ...) name #define rep3(i, a, b) for(ll i=(a), i##_length=(b); i=(a); --i) #define rrep2(i, n) rrep3(i, 0, n) #define rrep1(n) rrep3(i, 0, n) #define rrep(...) repoverload3(__VA_ARGS__, rrep3, rrep2, rrep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define rrepeq3(i, a, b) rrep3(i, (a)+1, (b)+1) #define rrepeq2(i, n) rrep3(i, 1, (n)+1) #define rrepeq1(n) rrep3(i, 1, (n)+1) #define rrepeq(...) repoverload3(__VA_ARGS__, rrepeq3, rrepeq2, rrepeq1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define all(v) std::begin(v), std::end(v) #define rall(v) std::rbegin(v), std::rend(v) void p() { std::cout << '\n'; } template void p(const Head& head, const Tail&... tail) { std::cout << head << (sizeof...(tail) ? " " : ""); p(tail...); } template inline void pv(const std::vector& v) { for(ll i=0, N=v.size(); i inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { return a < b && (a = b, true); } template inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { return a > b && (a = b, true); } template inline void uniq(std::vector& v) { std::sort(v.begin(), v.end()); v.erase(std::unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end()); } template inline ll sz(const T& v) { return std::size(v); } template std::vector make_vector_impl(std::vector& sizes, typename std::enable_if<(N==1), const T&>::type x) { return std::vector(sizes.front(),x); } template auto make_vector_impl(std::vector& sizes, typename std::enable_if<(N>1), const T&>::type x) { ll size=sizes.back(); sizes.pop_back(); return std::vector(sizes,x))>(size,make_vector_impl(sizes,x)); } template auto make_vector(const ll (&sizes)[N], const T& x=T()) { std::vector s(N); for(std::size_t i=0; i(s,x); } #if __has_include() template , typename std::enable_if_t, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> class fmap : public __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table { public: using __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table::gp_hash_table; template fmap(std::initializer_list> il) : __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table() { for (auto&& x : il) __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table::insert(std::pair(*x.begin(), *(x.begin() + 1))); } template ll count(const T& x) const { return __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table::find(x) != __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table::end(); } }; #else template using fmap = std::map; #endif template class each_hepler { public: class iterator { public: ll _pos; typename T::iterator _it; iterator(typename T::iterator it): _pos(0), _it(it) {} std::pair::reference> operator*() const { return {_pos, *_it}; } iterator& operator++() { ++_pos; ++_it; return *this; } iterator operator++(int) { iterator tmp(*this); ++*this; return tmp; } bool operator==(iterator const& it) const { return _it == it._it; } bool operator!=(iterator const& it) const { return !(*this == it); } }; T& _container; each_hepler(T& t): _container(t) {} iterator begin() const { return iterator(_container.begin()); } iterator end() const { return iterator(_container.end()); } }; template each_hepler each(T& t) { return each_hepler(t); } // for (auto&& [i, val] : each(v)) template class zip_helper { public: class iterator : std::iterator().begin())...>> { private: std::tuple().begin())...> iters_; template auto deref(std::index_sequence) const { return typename iterator::value_type{*std::get(iters_)...}; } template void increment(std::index_sequence) { [[maybe_unused]] auto l = {(++std::get(iters_), 0)...}; } public: explicit iterator(decltype(iters_) iters) : iters_{std::move(iters)} {} iterator& operator++() { increment(std::index_sequence_for{}); return *this; } iterator operator++(int) { auto saved{*this}; increment(std::index_sequence_for{}); return saved; } bool operator!=(const iterator& other) const { return iters_ != other.iters_; } auto operator*() const { return deref(std::index_sequence_for{}); } }; zip_helper(T&... seqs) : begin_{std::make_tuple(seqs.begin()...)}, end_{std::make_tuple(seqs.end()...)} {} iterator begin() const { return begin_; } iterator end() const { return end_; } private: iterator begin_, end_; }; template auto zip(T&&... seqs) { return zip_helper{seqs...}; } // for (auto&& [a, b, c] : zip(A, B, C)) /*-----8<-----template-----8<-----*/ //[lib]modint.cpp #include constexpr int ModintConstexprSize = prodlocal(30000, 10); template class ModintConstexpr { public: unsigned int inv[N + 1]; constexpr inline long long modpow(long long a, long long n) { long long res = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1) res = res * a % MOD; a = a * a % MOD; n >>= 1; } return res; } constexpr ModintConstexpr() : inv() { inv[1] = 1; for (int i = 2; i <= N; ++i) inv[i] = modpow(i, MOD - 2); } }; #ifdef __INTELLISENSE__ #pragma diag_suppress 28 #endif constexpr auto modintconstexpr = ModintConstexpr<>(); namespace atcoder { template * = nullptr> class static_modint_custom : internal::static_modint_base { public: using mint = static_modint_custom; #if __has_include() using inv_cache_type = __gnu_pbds::gp_hash_table; #else using inv_cache_type = map; #endif static inv_cache_type& inv_cache() { static inv_cache_type inv_cache; return inv_cache; } public: static constexpr int mod() { return m; } static mint raw(int v) { mint x; x._v = v; return x; } static_modint_custom() : _v(0) {} template * = nullptr> static_modint_custom(T v) { long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(umod())); if (x < 0) x += umod(); _v = (unsigned int)(x); } template * = nullptr> static_modint_custom(T v) { _v = (unsigned int)(v % umod()); } unsigned int val() const { return _v; } mint& operator++() { _v++; if (_v == umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } mint& operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = umod(); _v--; return *this; } mint operator++(int) { mint result = *this; ++*this; return result; } mint operator--(int) { mint result = *this; --*this; return result; } mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { _v -= rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v += umod(); return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { unsigned long long z = _v; z *= rhs._v; _v = (unsigned int)(z % umod()); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(long long n) const { mint x = *this, r = 1; if (n < 0) { x = inv(), n = -n; } while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { if (umod() == MOD && _v <= ModintConstexprSize) return raw(modintconstexpr.inv[_v]); auto& cachemap = inv_cache(); unsigned int cached = cachemap[_v]; if (cached) return raw(cached); mint x = inv_calc(); cachemap[_v] = x._v; return x; } mint inv_calc() const { if (prime) { assert(_v); return pow(umod() - 2); } else { auto eg = internal::inv_gcd(_v, m); assert(eg.first == 1); return eg.second; } } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v == rhs._v; } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v != rhs._v; } friend bool operator<(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v < rhs._v; } private: unsigned int _v; static constexpr unsigned int umod() { return m; } static constexpr bool prime = internal::is_prime; }; } // namespace atcoder namespace std { template class numeric_limits> { public: static constexpr atcoder::static_modint_custom min() noexcept { return 0; } static constexpr atcoder::static_modint_custom max() noexcept { return m-1; } }; } using Modint = atcoder::static_modint_custom; std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, Modint& x){ ll a; is>>a; x = a; return is; } std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Modint& x){ return os << x.val(); } inline Modint operator""_M(unsigned long long x) noexcept { return Modint(x); } std::vector fac_vec(1, 1), inv_vec(1, 1); inline void reserve_fac_vec(size_t a){ if(fac_vec.size() >= a) return; if(a < fac_vec.size() * 2) a = fac_vec.size() * 2; if(a >= (size_t)Modint::mod()) a = Modint::mod(); fac_vec.reserve(a); while(fac_vec.size() < a) fac_vec.push_back(fac_vec.back() * Modint(fac_vec.size())); inv_vec.resize(fac_vec.size()); inv_vec.back() = fac_vec.back().inv(); for(ll i = inv_vec.size() - 1; !inv_vec[i - 1].val(); i--) inv_vec[i - 1] = inv_vec[i] * i; } inline Modint factorial(ll n){ if(n < 0) return 0; reserve_fac_vec(n + 1); return fac_vec[n]; } inline Modint nPk(ll n, ll r){ if(r < 0 || n < r) return 0; if(n >> 24){ Modint ans = 1; for(ll i = 0; i < r; i++) ans *= n--; return ans; } reserve_fac_vec(n + 1); return fac_vec[n] * inv_vec[n - r]; } inline Modint nCk(ll n, ll r){ if(r < 0 || n < r) return 0; r = min(r, n - r); reserve_fac_vec(r + 1); return inv_vec[r] * nPk(n, r); } inline Modint nHk(ll n, ll r){ return nCk(n + r - 1, n - 1); } //n種類のものから重複を許してr個選ぶ=玉r個と仕切りn-1個 inline Modint catalan(ll n){ reserve_fac_vec(n * 2 + 1); return fac_vec[n * 2] * inv_vec[n] * inv_vec[n + 1]; } //[lib]BIT.cpp //一点add, 区間sum ができる template< typename T > class BinaryIndexedTreeNaive { public: ll size; vector data; BinaryIndexedTreeNaive(ll N) : size(N), data(size, 0) {} // add x to i void add(ll i, const T& x) { for(; i=0; i=(i&(i+1))-1) ret += data[i]; return ret; } // sum [i, j) T sum(ll i, ll j) const { return sum(j) - sum(i); } }; template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const BinaryIndexedTreeNaive& bit) { for(ll i=0; i class BinaryIndexedTree { public: ll size; BinaryIndexedTreeNaive b, c; BinaryIndexedTree(ll N) : size(N), b(size+1), c(size+1) {} // add x to [i, j) void add(ll i, ll j, const T& x) { if (i>=j) return; b.add(i,x*-i); b.add(j,x*j); c.add(i,x); c.add(j,x*-1); } // sum [0, i) T sum(ll i) const { return b.sum(i+1) + c.sum(i+1)*i; } // sum [i, j) T sum(ll i, ll j) const { if (i>=j) return 0; return sum(j) - sum(i); } }; template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const BinaryIndexedTree& bit) { for(ll i=0; i class BinaryIndexedTree2D { public: ll h, w; T identity; vector< T > data; BinaryIndexedTree2D(ll h, ll w, T identity = T(0)) : h(h), w(w), identity(identity), data(h * w, identity) {} // add val to data[x][y] void add(ll x, ll y, T val) { for(; y < w; y|=y+1) addX(x, y, val); } // set val to data[x][y] void set(ll x, ll y, T val) { add(x, y, val - get(x, y)); } // get data[x][y] T get(ll x, ll y) const { return sum(x, x + 1, y, y + 1); } // sum [0, x) x [0, y) T sum(ll x, ll y) const { if(x < 0 || y < 0) return identity; T r = identity; for(--y; y>=0; y=(y&(y+1))-1) r += sumX(x, y); return r; } // sum [x1, x2) x [y1, y2) T sum(ll x1, ll x2, ll y1, ll y2) const { if (x1 >= x2 || y1 >= y2) return 0; return sum(x2, y2) - sum(x2, y1) - sum(x1, y2) + sum(x1, y1); } private: inline ll id(ll x, ll y) const { return x * w + y; } void addX(ll x, ll y, T const &val) { for(; x < h; x|=x+1) data[id(x, y)] += val; } T sumX(ll x, ll y) const { T r = identity; for(--x; x>=0; x=(x&(x+1))-1) r += data[id(x, y)]; return r; } }; template< typename T> std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const BinaryIndexedTree2D& bit) { s << "\\\n"; for(ll i=0; i > calcNext(const string &S, char initc = 'a') { int n = S.size(); vector > res(n+1, vector(27, n)); for (int i = n-1; i >= 0; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 27; ++j) res[i][j] = res[i+1][j]; int x = S[i]=='?' ? 26 : S[i] - initc; res[i][x] = i; } return res; } void solve() { ll N; string S; cin >> N >> S; vector> nextv = calcNext(S); debug(nextv); string T = "yukicoder"; BinaryIndexedTree2D dp(N+1, 2); dp.add(0, 0, 1); rep(j,9){ BinaryIndexedTree2D ndp(N+1, 2); rep(i,N){ if (S[i] == T[j]){ //普通文字 rep(k,2){ Modint t = dp.sum(0, i+1, k, k + 1); ndp.add(i, k, t); } } if(S[i]=='?'){ Modint t = dp.sum(0, i+1, 0, 1); ndp.add(i, 1, t); } } dp = move(ndp); debug(dp); } Modint ans = dp.sum(0, N, 0, 2); p(ans); } signed main() { #ifndef LOCAL_DEV //std::cin.tie(nullptr); //std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false); #endif //ll Q; cin >> Q; while(Q--)solve(); solve(); return 0; }