#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
long solve(long s, long t, long l, long r, int cnt){
    if (t <= l || r <= s) return 1;
    else if (s <= l && r <= t) return 1;
    else{
        long long m = (l + r)>>1;
        long x = solve(s, t, l, m, cnt + 1);
        long y = solve(s, t, m, r, cnt + 1);
        return x + y + cnt;
    }
}
int main(void){
    int n, q;
    cin >> n >> q;
    long maxi = pow(2, n);
    long s, t;
    for(int i = 0; i < q; i++){
        cin >> s >> t;
        cout << solve(s, t, 0, maxi, 0) << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}