#include using namespace std; typedef signed long long ll; #define _P(...) (void)printf(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR(x,to) for(x=0;x<(to);x++) #define FORR(x,arr) for(auto& x:arr) #define FORR2(x,y,arr) for(auto& [x,y]:arr) #define ALL(a) (a.begin()),(a.end()) #define ZERO(a) memset(a,0,sizeof(a)) #define MINUS(a) memset(a,0xff,sizeof(a)) template bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) { if(a bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) { if(a>b){a=b;return 1;}return 0;} //------------------------------------------------------- template class MaxFlow_dinic { public: struct edge { int to,reve;V cap;}; static const int MV = 202020; vector E[MV]; int itr[MV],lev[MV]; void add_edge(int x,int y,V cap,bool undir=false) { E[x].push_back((edge){y,(int)E[y].size(),cap}); E[y].push_back((edge){x,(int)E[x].size()-1,undir?cap:0}); } void bfs(int cur) { MINUS(lev); queue q; lev[cur]=0; q.push(cur); while(q.size()) { int v=q.front(); q.pop(); FORR(e,E[v]) if(e.cap>0 && lev[e.to]<0) lev[e.to]=lev[v]+1, q.push(e.to); } } V dfs(int from,int to,V cf) { if(from==to) return cf; for(;itr[from]cap>0 && lev[from]to]) { V f=dfs(e->to,to,min(cf,e->cap)); if(f>0) { e->cap-=f; E[e->to][e->reve].cap += f; return f; } } } return 0; } V maxflow(int from, int to) { V fl=0,tf; while(1) { bfs(from); if(lev[to]<0) return fl; ZERO(itr); while((tf=dfs(from,to,numeric_limits::max()))>0) fl+=tf; } } }; class SCC { public: static const int MV = 225000; vector > SC; int NV,GR[MV]; private: vector E[MV], RE[MV], NUM; int vis[MV]; public: void init(int NV) { this->NV=NV; for(int i=0;i=0;i--) if(!vis[NUM[i]]){ SC[c].clear(); revdfs(NUM[i],c); sort(SC[c].begin(),SC[c].end()); c++; } SC.resize(c); } }; pair,vector> DMdecomposition(int L,int R,vector> E) { static MaxFlow_dinic mf; //メモリ容量対策でstatic static SCC scc; //最大マッチングを求める int i; FOR(i,L) mf.add_edge(L+R,i,1); FOR(i,R) mf.add_edge(L+i,L+R+1,1); FOR(i,L) FORR(e,E[i]) mf.add_edge(i,L+e,1); vector match(L+R,-1); //最大マッチング先 mf.maxflow(L+R,L+R+1); scc.init(L+R); FOR(i,L) { FORR(e,mf.E[i]) if(e.to=0&&match[e+L]>=0) scc.add_edge(i,L+e); scc.scc(); vector G(L+R); FOR(i,L+R) G[i]=scc.GR[i]; return {match,G}; } int A,B,L; int S[101010],T[101010]; void solve() { int i,j,k,l,r,x,y; string s; cin>>A>>B>>L; vector> E(A); FOR(i,L) { cin>>S[i]>>T[i]; S[i]--; T[i]--; E[S[i]].push_back(T[i]); } auto a=DMdecomposition(A,B,E); vector match=a.first; vector G=a.second; FOR(i,L) { if(match[S[i]]>=0&&match[A+T[i]]>=0) { //現状最大マッチに含まれる点なら同一グループか判定 if(G[S[i]]==G[A+T[i]]) { cout<<"Yes"<