using System; using System.Linq; using System.Numerics; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Timers; using N = System.Int64; static class Program { static public void Main(string[] args) { Console.SetOut(new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false }); var solver = new Solver(); solver.Solve(); Console.Out.Flush(); } } public class Solver { public void Solve() { int t = ri, r = ri; var uf = new UnionFind(5400); int p = 0; for (int timer = 0; timer < t; timer++) { int n = ri; int s; var ans = new List(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { s = ri; uf.SetSkill(p + i, s); for (int j = 0; j < p + i; j++) { if (uf.Size(j) < 4 && uf.GetNowValue(j) < uf.GetNewValue(j, s)) { uf.Unite(j, p + i); ans.Add($"{j + 1} {p + i + 1}"); break; } } } if (ans.Count == 0) Write(0); else Write($"{ans.Count}\n{string.Join("\n", ans)}"); Console.Out.Flush(); p += n; } } public class UnionFind { private int _len; private int[] _par; private int[] _size; private int[] _skill_min; private int[] _skill_max; public UnionFind(int len) { _len = len; _par = new int[len]; _size = new int[len]; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { _par[i] = i; _size[i] = 1; } _skill_min = new int[len]; _skill_max = new int[len]; } public void SetSkill(int x, int s) { _skill_min[x] = s; _skill_max[x] = s; } public int GetNowValue(int x) { int rx = Root(x); int k = _size[rx] * (_size[rx] - 1) / 2; int skill = _skill_max[rx] - _skill_min[rx]; return Math.Max(0, k * (200 - skill * skill)); } public int GetNewValue(int x, int s) { int rx = Root(x); int k = _size[rx] * (_size[rx] + 1) / 2; int skill = Math.Max(_skill_max[rx], s) - Math.Min(_skill_min[rx], s); return Math.Max(0, k * (200 - skill * skill)); } public int Root(int x) { if (_par[x] == x) return x; return _par[x] = Root(_par[x]); } public int Size(int x) { if (_par[x] == x) return _size[x]; return _size[x] = _size[Root(x)]; } public bool IsSame(int x, int y) { return Root(x) == Root(y); } public void Unite(int x, int y) { int rx = Root(x); int ry = Root(y); if (rx != ry) { _par[ry] = rx; _size[rx] += _size[ry]; _skill_max[rx] = Math.Max(_skill_max[rx], _skill_max[ry]); _skill_min[rx] = Math.Min(_skill_min[rx], _skill_min[ry]); } } } //int inf = 1 << 30; long inf = (long)1 << 60; int ri { get { return (int)sc.Integer(); } } long rl { get { return sc.Integer(); } } double rd { get { return sc.Double(); } } string rs { get { return sc.Scan(); } } public StreamScanner sc = new StreamScanner(Console.OpenStandardInput()); void Write(T t) { Console.WriteLine(t.ToString()); } void YN(bool t) { Console.WriteLine(t ? "YES" : "NO"); } void Yn(bool t) { Console.WriteLine(t ? "Yes" : "No"); } void yn(bool t) { Console.WriteLine(t ? "yes" : "no"); } } public class StreamScanner { public StreamScanner(Stream stream) { str = stream; } private readonly Stream str; private readonly byte[] buf = new byte[1024]; private int len, ptr; public bool isEof = false; public bool IsEndOfStream { get { return isEof; } } private byte read() { if (isEof) throw new EndOfStreamException(); if (ptr >= len) { ptr = 0; if ((len = str.Read(buf, 0, 1024)) <= 0) { isEof = true; return 0; } } return buf[ptr++]; } public char Char() { byte b = 0; do b = read(); while (b < 33 || 126 < b); return (char)b; } public string Scan() { var sb = new StringBuilder(); for (var b = Char(); b >= 33 && b <= 126; b = (char)read()) sb.Append(b); return sb.ToString(); } public long Integer() { long ret = 0; byte b = 0; var ng = false; do b = read(); while (b != '-' && (b < '0' || '9' < b)); if (b == '-') { ng = true; b = read(); } for (; true; b = read()) { if (b < '0' || '9' < b) return ng ? -ret : ret; else ret = ret * 10 + b - '0'; } } public double Double() { return double.Parse(Scan()); } }