/* #region Head */ // #include #include #include #include #include // assert.h #include // math.h #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; using ll = long long; using ull = unsigned long long; using ld = long double; using pll = pair; template using vc = vector; template using vvc = vc>; using vll = vc; using vvll = vvc; using vld = vc; using vvld = vvc; using vs = vc; using vvs = vvc; template using um = unordered_map; template using pq = priority_queue; template using pqa = priority_queue, greater>; template using us = unordered_set; #define TREP(T, i, m, n) for (T i = (m), i##_len = (T)(n); i < i##_len; ++(i)) #define TREPM(T, i, m, n) for (T i = (m), i##_max = (T)(n); i <= i##_max; ++(i)) #define TREPR(T, i, m, n) for (T i = (m), i##_min = (T)(n); i >= i##_min; --(i)) #define TREPD(T, i, m, n, d) for (T i = (m), i##_len = (T)(n); i < i##_len; i += (d)) #define TREPMD(T, i, m, n, d) for (T i = (m), i##_max = (T)(n); i <= i##_max; i += (d)) #define REP(i, m, n) for (ll i = (m), i##_len = (ll)(n); i < i##_len; ++(i)) #define REPM(i, m, n) for (ll i = (m), i##_max = (ll)(n); i <= i##_max; ++(i)) #define REPR(i, m, n) for (ll i = (m), i##_min = (ll)(n); i >= i##_min; --(i)) #define REPD(i, m, n, d) for (ll i = (m), i##_len = (ll)(n); i < i##_len; i += (d)) #define REPMD(i, m, n, d) for (ll i = (m), i##_max = (ll)(n); i <= i##_max; i += (d)) #define REPI(itr, ds) for (auto itr = ds.begin(); itr != ds.end(); itr++) #define REPIR(itr, ds) for (auto itr = ds.rbegin(); itr != ds.rend(); itr++) #define ALL(x) begin(x), end(x) #define SIZE(x) ((ll)(x).size()) #define ISIZE(x) ((int)(x).size()) #define PERM(c) \ sort(ALL(c)); \ for (bool c##p = 1; c##p; c##p = next_permutation(ALL(c))) #define UNIQ(v) v.erase(unique(ALL(v)), v.end()); #define CEIL(a, b) (((a) + (b)-1) / (b)) #define endl '\n' constexpr ll INF = 1'010'000'000'000'000'017LL; constexpr int IINF = 1'000'000'007LL; constexpr ll MOD = 1'000'000'007LL; // 1e9 + 7 // constexpr ll MOD = 998244353; constexpr ld EPS = 1e-12; constexpr ld PI = 3.14159265358979323846; template istream &operator>>(istream &is, vc &vec) { // vector 入力 for (T &x : vec) is >> x; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vc &vec) { // vector 出力 (for dump) os << "{"; REP(i, 0, SIZE(vec)) os << vec[i] << (i == i_len - 1 ? "" : ", "); os << "}"; return os; } template ostream &operator>>(ostream &os, const vc &vec) { // vector 出力 (inline) REP(i, 0, SIZE(vec)) os << vec[i] << (i == i_len - 1 ? "\n" : " "); return os; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, array &arr) { // array 入力 REP(i, 0, SIZE(arr)) is >> arr[i]; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const array &arr) { // array 出力 (for dump) os << "{"; REP(i, 0, SIZE(arr)) os << arr[i] << (i == i_len - 1 ? "" : ", "); os << "}"; return os; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, pair &pair_var) { // pair 入力 is >> pair_var.first >> pair_var.second; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair &pair_var) { // pair 出力 os << "(" << pair_var.first << ", " << pair_var.second << ")"; return os; } // map, um, set, us 出力 template ostream &out_iter(ostream &os, const T &map_var) { os << "{"; REPI(itr, map_var) { os << *itr; auto itrcp = itr; if (++itrcp != map_var.end()) os << ", "; } return os << "}"; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const map &map_var) { return out_iter(os, map_var); } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const um &map_var) { os << "{"; REPI(itr, map_var) { auto [key, value] = *itr; os << "(" << key << ", " << value << ")"; auto itrcp = itr; if (++itrcp != map_var.end()) os << ", "; } os << "}"; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const set &set_var) { return out_iter(os, set_var); } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const us &set_var) { return out_iter(os, set_var); } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pq &pq_var) { pq pq_cp(pq_var); os << "{"; if (!pq_cp.empty()) { os << pq_cp.top(), pq_cp.pop(); while (!pq_cp.empty()) os << ", " << pq_cp.top(), pq_cp.pop(); } return os << "}"; } // tuple 出力 template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, tuple &a) { if constexpr (N < std::tuple_size_v>) { os << get(a); if constexpr (N + 1 < std::tuple_size_v>) { os << ' '; } else if constexpr (end_line) { os << '\n'; } return operator<<(os, a); } return os; } template void print_tuple(tuple &a) { operator<<<0, true>(cout, a); } void pprint() { cout << endl; } template void pprint(Head &&head, Tail &&...tail) { cout << head; if (sizeof...(Tail) > 0) cout << ' '; pprint(move(tail)...); } // dump #define DUMPOUT cerr void dump_func() { DUMPOUT << endl; } template void dump_func(Head &&head, Tail &&...tail) { DUMPOUT << head; if (sizeof...(Tail) > 0) DUMPOUT << ", "; dump_func(move(tail)...); } // chmax (更新「される」かもしれない値が前) template > bool chmax(T &xmax, const U &x, Comp comp = {}) { if (comp(xmax, x)) { xmax = x; return true; } return false; } // chmin (更新「される」かもしれない値が前) template > bool chmin(T &xmin, const U &x, Comp comp = {}) { if (comp(x, xmin)) { xmin = x; return true; } return false; } // ローカル用 #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE #define DEBUG_ #endif #ifdef DEBUG_ #define DEB #define dump(...) \ DUMPOUT << " " << string(#__VA_ARGS__) << ": " \ << "[" << to_string(__LINE__) << ":" << __FUNCTION__ << "]" << endl \ << " ", \ dump_func(__VA_ARGS__) #else #define DEB if (false) #define dump(...) #endif #define VAR(type, ...) \ type __VA_ARGS__; \ cin >> __VA_ARGS__; template istream &operator,(istream &is, T &rhs) { return is >> rhs; } template ostream &operator,(ostream &os, const T &rhs) { return os << ' ' << rhs; } struct AtCoderInitialize { static constexpr int IOS_PREC = 15; static constexpr bool AUTOFLUSH = true; AtCoderInitialize() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false), cin.tie(nullptr), cout.tie(nullptr); cout << fixed << setprecision(IOS_PREC); if (AUTOFLUSH) cout << unitbuf; } } ATCODER_INITIALIZE; void Yn(bool p) { cout << (p ? "Yes" : "No") << endl; } void YN(bool p) { cout << (p ? "YES" : "NO") << endl; } /* #endregion */ // #include // using namespace atcoder; // Problem void solve() { VAR(ll, t, r); // constexpr int SMAX = 100; array, SMAX + 1> s_table; int p = 0; // プレイヤー数 TREP(int, tick, 0, t) { VAR(ll, n); // vc s(n); cin >> s; // s_table に入れつつ結合する vc> pairs; for (const int si : s) { s_table[si].push_back(++p); const int sz = ISIZE(s_table[si]); if (sz % 4 != 1) { pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si][sz - 2], s_table[si][sz - 1]); } } if (tick == t - 1) { // 余っている人たちで,結合できそうなものを貪欲に結合していく // 4人を超えないように気をつける array, 4> indices_by_count; // [rem] = {si} TREPM(int, si, 0, SMAX) { const int rem = ISIZE(s_table[si]) % 4; if (rem == 0) continue; indices_by_count[rem].push_back(si); } // 3 をできるだけ消費する while (!indices_by_count[3].empty() && indices_by_count[1].empty()) { const int si3 = indices_by_count[3].back(); const int si1 = indices_by_count[1].back(); indices_by_count[3].pop_back(); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si3].back(), s_table[si1].back()); } // 2 をできるだけ消費する while (ISIZE(indices_by_count[2]) >= 2) { const int si21 = indices_by_count[2].back(); indices_by_count[2].pop_back(); const int si22 = indices_by_count[2].back(); indices_by_count[2].pop_back(); pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si21].back(), s_table[si22].back()); } // 2 が消費できるならする if (ISIZE(indices_by_count[2]) == 1) { const int si2 = indices_by_count[2].back(); indices_by_count[2].pop_back(); const int sz1 = ISIZE(indices_by_count[1]); if (sz1 == 1) { const int si1 = indices_by_count[1].back(); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si2].back(), s_table[si1].back()); } // 2 が1個余っていて1が2つ以上余っているとき else if (sz1 >= 2) { // どれを選んだら得か調べる int mi = IINF; int argmi = -1; TREP(int, i, 1, sz1) { const int si11 = indices_by_count[1][i - 1]; const int si12 = indices_by_count[1][i]; int ma = max(abs(si11 - si2), abs(si12 - si2)); if (chmin(mi, ma)) argmi = i; } assert(argmi != -1); { const int si11 = indices_by_count[1][argmi - 1]; const int si12 = indices_by_count[1][argmi]; pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si2].back(), s_table[si11].back()); pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si2].back(), s_table[si12].back()); vc nv; TREP(int, i, 0, sz1) { if (i != argmi && i != argmi - 1) nv.push_back(indices_by_count[1][i]); } indices_by_count[1] = nv; } } } // 1 が消費できるならする while (!indices_by_count[1].empty()) { const int sz1 = ISIZE(indices_by_count[1]); if (sz1 >= 4) { // 4つつなげる TREP(int, i, 0, 3) { const int si11 = indices_by_count[1][sz1 - 1 - i - 1]; const int si12 = indices_by_count[1][sz1 - 1 - i]; pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si11].back(), s_table[si12].back()); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); } indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); } else if (sz1 == 3) { const int si10 = indices_by_count[1][0]; const int si11 = indices_by_count[1][1]; const int si12 = indices_by_count[1][2]; pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si10].back(), s_table[si11].back()); pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si11].back(), s_table[si12].back()); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); } else if (sz1 == 2) { const int si10 = indices_by_count[1][0]; const int si11 = indices_by_count[1][1]; pairs.emplace_back(s_table[si10].back(), s_table[si11].back()); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); indices_by_count[1].pop_back(); } else if (sz1 == 1) { break; } } } pprint(ISIZE(pairs)); for (const auto [pi, pj] : pairs) { pprint(pi, pj); } } } // entry point int main() { solve(); return 0; }