#ifndef LOCAL #pragma GCC optimize ("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize ("unroll-loops") #endif #include using namespace std; using ll=long long; //#define int ll #define rng(i,a,b) for(int i=int(a);i=int(a);i--) #define per(i,b) gnr(i,0,b) #define pb push_back #define eb emplace_back #define a first #define b second #define bg begin() #define ed end() #define all(x) x.bg,x.ed #define si(x) int(x.size()) #ifdef LOCAL #define dmp(x) cerr<<__LINE__<<" "<<#x<<" "< bool chmax(t&a,u b){if(a bool chmin(t&a,u b){if(b using vc=vector; template using vvc=vc>; using pi=pair; using vi=vc; template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const pair& p){ return os<<"{"< ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const vc& v){ os<<"{"; for(auto e:v)os< void dmpr(ostream&os,const T&t,const Args&... args){ os< ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const array&a){ return os<(all(a)); } template void print_tuple(ostream&,const T&){ } template void print_tuple(ostream&os,const T&t){ if(i)os<<","; os<(t); print_tuple(os,t); } template ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const tuple&t){ os<<"{"; print_tuple<0,tuple,Args...>(os,t); return os<<"}"; } template void print(t x,int suc=1){ cout<>i; return i; } vi readvi(int n,int off=0){ vi v(n); rep(i,n)v[i]=read()+off; return v; } pi readpi(int off=0){ int a,b;cin>>a>>b; return pi(a+off,b+off); } template void print(const pair&p,int suc=1){ print(p.a,2); print(p.b,suc); } template void print(const vector&v,int suc=1){ rep(i,v.size()) print(v[i],i==int(v.size())-1?suc:2); } template void print_offset(const vector&v,ll off,int suc=1){ rep(i,v.size()) print(v[i]+off,i==int(v.size())-1?suc:2); } template void print(const array&v,int suc=1){ rep(i,N) print(v[i],i==int(N)-1?suc:2); } string readString(){ string s; cin>>s; return s; } template T sq(const T& t){ return t*t; } //#define CAPITAL void yes(bool ex=true){ #ifdef CAPITAL cout<<"YES"<<"\n"; #else cout<<"Yes"<<"\n"; #endif if(ex)exit(0); #ifdef LOCAL cout.flush(); #endif } void no(bool ex=true){ #ifdef CAPITAL cout<<"NO"<<"\n"; #else cout<<"No"<<"\n"; #endif if(ex)exit(0); #ifdef LOCAL cout.flush(); #endif } void possible(bool ex=true){ #ifdef CAPITAL cout<<"POSSIBLE"<<"\n"; #else cout<<"Possible"<<"\n"; #endif if(ex)exit(0); #ifdef LOCAL cout.flush(); #endif } void impossible(bool ex=true){ #ifdef CAPITAL cout<<"IMPOSSIBLE"<<"\n"; #else cout<<"Impossible"<<"\n"; #endif if(ex)exit(0); #ifdef LOCAL cout.flush(); #endif } constexpr ll ten(int n){ return n==0?1:ten(n-1)*10; } const ll infLL=LLONG_MAX/3; #ifdef int const int inf=infLL; #else const int inf=INT_MAX/2-100; #endif int topbit(signed t){ return t==0?-1:31-__builtin_clz(t); } int topbit(ll t){ return t==0?-1:63-__builtin_clzll(t); } int botbit(signed a){ return a==0?32:__builtin_ctz(a); } int botbit(ll a){ return a==0?64:__builtin_ctzll(a); } int popcount(signed t){ return __builtin_popcount(t); } int popcount(ll t){ return __builtin_popcountll(t); } bool ispow2(int i){ return i&&(i&-i)==i; } ll mask(int i){ return (ll(1)< void mkuni(vc&v){ sort(all(v)); v.erase(unique(all(v)),v.ed); } ll rand_int(ll l, ll r) { //[l, r] #ifdef LOCAL static mt19937_64 gen; #else static mt19937_64 gen(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count()); #endif return uniform_int_distribution(l, r)(gen); } template void myshuffle(vc&a){ rep(i,si(a))swap(a[i],a[rand_int(0,i)]); } template int lwb(const vc&v,const t&a){ return lower_bound(all(v),a)-v.bg; } vvc readGraph(int n,int m){ vvc g(n); rep(i,m){ int a,b; cin>>a>>b; //sc.read(a,b); a--;b--; g[a].pb(b); g[b].pb(a); } return g; } vvc readTree(int n){ return readGraph(n,n-1); } namespace Nimber64{ const vi fs{3,5,17,257,641,65537,6700417}; const ull s=-1; ull multiply_powers_of_2(ull,ull); ull multiply(ull a,ull b) { ull ans = 0; rep(p1,64)if((a>>p1)&1) rep(p2,64)if((b>>p2)&1) ans=ans^multiply_powers_of_2(ull(1)<= power and b >= power) { return multiply(power * 3 / 2, multiply_powers_of_2(a / power, b / power)); } else if (a >= power) { return multiply_powers_of_2(a / power, b) * power; } else { return multiply_powers_of_2(a, b / power) * power; } } struct precalc{ ull tmp[64][64]; unsigned char x[256][256]; ull y[8][8][256]; template ull multfast(ull a,ull b){ ull c=0; rep(i,len)if((a>>i)&1)rep(j,len)if((b>>j)&1)c^=tmp[i][j]; return c; } precalc():tmp(),x(),y(){ rep(i,64)rep(j,64)tmp[i][j]=multiply_powers_of_2(1ULL<(i,j); rep(i,8)rep(j,i+1)rep(k,256)y[i][j][k]=multfast<64>(tmp[i*8][j*8],k); } ull multfast2(ull a,ull b)const{ ull res=0; rep(i,8){ rep(j,i){ res^=y[i][j][ x[(a>>(i*8))&255][(b>>(j*8))&255]^ x[(a>>(j*8))&255][(b>>(i*8))&255]]; } res^=y[i][i][x[(a>>(i*8))&255][(b>>(i*8))&255]]; } return res; } }; const precalc buf; struct nim{ ull v; nim(ull vv=0):v(vv){} nim& operator+=(const nim&rhs){v^=rhs.v;return *this;} nim& operator*=(const nim&rhs){v=buf.multfast2(v,rhs.v);return *this;} nim& operator/=(const nim&rhs){return (*this)*=rhs.inv();} nim operator+(const nim&rhs)const{return nim(*this)+=rhs;} nim operator*(const nim&rhs)const{return nim(*this)*=rhs;} nim operator/(const nim&rhs)const{return nim(*this)/=rhs;} nim pow(ull n)const{ nim res=1,x=*this; while(n){ if(n&1)res*=x; x*=x; n>>=1; } return res; } nim inv()const{ return pow(ull(-2)); } explicit operator bool()const{return v;} }; istream& operator>>(istream&is,nim&x){ return is>>x.v; } ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const nim&x){ return os< garnerull(vc z){ ull ans=0,w=1; rep(i,si(z)){ int x=z[i].a; ans=(ans+w*x); rng(j,i+1,si(z)) z[j].a=(z[j].a+z[j].b-x%z[j].b)*modinv(z[i].b,z[j].b).b%z[j].b; w=(w*z[i].b); } return {ans,w}; } //returns minimum x s.t. a^x=b //and its period //returns (0,0) if infeasible pair discrete_log(const nim a,const nim b){ vc z; for(auto f:fs){ nim x=a.pow(s/f); nim y=b.pow(s/f); if(x.v==1){ if(y.v==1){ continue; }else{ return {0,0}; } } const int L=ceil(sqrt(f-1)); map v; //hash_table v; { nim cur=1; rep(i,L){ auto itr=v.find(cur.v); if(itr==v.ed)v[cur.v]=i; cur*=x; } } int ans=-1; { nim cur=1; nim w=x.pow((f-1)*L); for(int i=0;ib; break; } cur*=w; } } if(ans==-1)return {0,0}; z.eb(ans,f); } return garnerull(z); } */ bool checkprimitive(const nim a){ for(auto f:fs)if((a.pow(s/f)).v==1)return false; return true; } } using Nimber64::nim; //原子根 ull(1)<<32|6 //simple undirected graph //O((ANS)M2^|USE|) int minimum_simple_cycle(int n,vi use,vc es){ mt19937_64 rnd; assert(si(use)); int root=use[0]; int m=si(es); vvc> g(n); rep(idx,m){ auto [i,j]=es[idx]; nim val(rnd()); g[i].eb(j,idx*2,val); if(i==root||j==root)val=nim(rnd()); g[j].eb(i,idx*2+1,val); } const int s=si(use)-1; vc dp((2*m)< buf(1<>n>>m; vi u=readvi(3,-1); vvc adj(n,vi(n,1)); rep(i,m){ int a,b;cin>>a>>b; a--;b--; adj[a][b]=0; } vc es; rep(i,n)rng(j,i+1,n)if(adj[i][j])es.eb(i,j); print(minimum_simple_cycle(n,u,es)); } signed main(){ cin.tie(0); ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cout<>t;rep(_,t) slv(); }