def solve(l, r):
    def check(x):
        if x == 0:
            return 0
        ok = 0
        ng = 10 ** 9 + 1
        while abs(ok - ng) > 1:
            mid = (ok + ng) // 2
            if mid * mid <= x:
                ok = mid
            else:
                ng = mid
        ret = ok
        if x == 0:
            return 0
        ok = 0
        ng = 10 ** 9 + 1
        while abs(ok - ng) > 1:
            mid = (ok + ng) // 2
            if 2 * mid * mid <= x:
                ok = mid
            else:
                ng = mid
        ret += ok
        return ret
    sq = check(r) - check(l - 1)
    return sq % 2

for _ in range(int(input())):
    l, r = map(int,input().split())
    print(solve(l, r))