#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <atcoder/all>
using namespace std;
using namespace atcoder;
using ll = long long;
#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
ll check(ll x){
    if(x == 0) return 0;
    ll ok = 0;
    ll ng = 1000000000 + 1;
    while(abs(ok - ng) > 1){
        ll mid = (ok + ng) / 2;
        if(mid * mid <= x) ok = mid;
        else ng = mid;
    }
    ll ret = ok;
    ok = 0;
    ng = 1000000000 + 1;
    while(abs(ok - ng) > 1){
        ll mid = (ok + ng) / 2;
        if(2 * mid * mid <= x) ok = mid;
        else ng = mid;
    }
    ret += ok;
    return ret;
    

}
int main(void)
{
    ll t;
    cin >> t;
    while(t--){
        ll l, r;
        cin >> l >> r;
        ll ans = check(r) - check(l - 1);
        cout << ans % 2 << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}