#include #include #include #include using namespace std; // Upper Hessenberg reduction of square matrices // Complexity: O(n^3) // Reference: // http://www.phys.uri.edu/nigh/NumRec/bookfpdf/f11-5.pdf template void hessenberg_reduction(std::vector> &M) { assert(M.size() == M[0].size()); const int N = M.size(); for (int r = 0; r < N - 2; r++) { int piv = -1; for (int h = r + 1; h < N; ++h) { if (M[h][r] != 0) { piv = h; break; } } if (piv < 0) continue; for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) std::swap(M[r + 1][i], M[piv][i]); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) std::swap(M[i][r + 1], M[i][piv]); const auto rinv = Tp(1) / M[r + 1][r]; for (int i = r + 2; i < N; i++) { const auto n = M[i][r] * rinv; for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) M[i][j] -= M[r + 1][j] * n; for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) M[j][r + 1] += M[j][i] * n; } } } // Characteristic polynomial of matrix M (|xI - M|) // Complexity: O(n^3) // R. Rehman, I. C. Ipsen, "La Budde's Method for Computing Characteristic Polynomials," 2011. template std::vector characteristic_poly(std::vector> M) { hessenberg_reduction(M); const int N = M.size(); // p[i + 1] = (Characteristic polynomial of i-th leading principal minor) std::vector> p(N + 1); p[0] = {1}; for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { p[i + 1].assign(i + 2, 0); for (int j = 0; j < i + 1; j++) p[i + 1][j + 1] += p[i][j]; for (int j = 0; j < i + 1; j++) p[i + 1][j] -= p[i][j] * M[i][i]; Tp betas = 1; for (int j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) { betas *= M[j + 1][j]; Tp hb = -M[j][i] * betas; for (int k = 0; k < j + 1; k++) p[i + 1][k] += hb * p[j][k]; } } return p[N]; } #include using mint = atcoder::modint998244353; int main() { cin.tie(nullptr), ios::sync_with_stdio(false); int N; cin >> N; vector M0(N, vector(N)), M1(N, vector(N)); for (auto &vec : M0) { for (auto &x : vec) { int v; cin >> v; x = v; } } for (auto &vec : M1) { for (auto &x : vec) { int v; cin >> v; x = v; } } int multiply_by_x = 0; // 基本変形の最中に M0 + M1x に x をかけた回数 mint detAdetBinv = 1; for (int p = 0; p < N; ++p) { // M1[p][p] に nonzero を持ってきて、M1 の第 p 行と第 p 列を全て掃き出す int piv = -1; for (int r = p; r < N; ++r) { if (M1[r][p] != 0) { piv = r; break; } } if (piv < 0) { ++multiply_by_x; if (multiply_by_x > N) break; for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) { swap(M1[i][p], M0[i][p]); } for (int r = p - 1; r >= 0; --r) { auto v = M1[r][p]; for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) { M0[i][p] -= M0[i][r] * v; M1[i][p] -= M1[i][r] * v; } assert(M1[r][p] == 0); } --p; continue; } if (piv != p) { M1[piv].swap(M1[p]); M0[piv].swap(M0[p]); detAdetBinv *= -1; } auto v = M1[p][p], vinv = v.inv(); detAdetBinv *= v; // p 行目を定数倍して M1[p][p] == 1 にする for (int j = 0; j < N; ++j) { M0[p][j] *= vinv; M1[p][j] *= vinv; } assert(M1[p][p] == 1); // p 行目を使用して M1 の p 列目を p 行目以外ゼロにする for (int r = 0; r < N; ++r) { if (r == p) continue; if (M1[r][p] != 0) { auto v = M1[r][p]; for (int j = 0; j < N; ++j) { M0[r][j] -= M0[p][j] * v; M1[r][j] -= M1[p][j] * v; } } } // p 列目を使用して M1 の p 行目を p 列目以外ゼロにする for (int j = p + 1; j < N; ++j) { if (M1[p][j] != 0) { auto v = M1[p][j]; for (int r = 0; r < N; ++r) { M0[r][j] -= M0[r][p] * v; M1[r][j] -= M1[r][p] * v; } } } } if (multiply_by_x > N) { // 行列式がゼロであることが確定 for (int i = 0; i <= N; ++i) cout << 0 << '\n'; return 0; } // この時点で M1 = I なので det(x + M0) を求める for (auto &vec : M0) { for (auto &x : vec) x = -x; } auto poly = characteristic_poly(M0); for (auto &x : poly) x *= detAdetBinv; for (int i = 0; i < multiply_by_x; ++i) poly.erase(poly.begin()); poly.resize(N + 1); for (auto a : poly) cout << a.val() << '\n'; }