#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES #include using namespace std; #define FOR(i,m,n) for(int i=(m);i<(n);++i) #define REP(i,n) FOR(i,0,n) #define ALL(v) (v).begin(),(v).end() using ll = long long; constexpr int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f; constexpr long long LINF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3fLL; constexpr double EPS = 1e-8; constexpr int MOD = 1000000007; // constexpr int MOD = 998244353; constexpr int DY4[]{1, 0, -1, 0}, DX4[]{0, -1, 0, 1}; constexpr int DY8[]{1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1}; constexpr int DX8[]{0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1, 1}; template inline bool chmax(T& a, U b) { return a < b ? (a = b, true) : false; } template inline bool chmin(T& a, U b) { return a > b ? (a = b, true) : false; } struct IOSetup { IOSetup() { std::cin.tie(nullptr); std::ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); std::cout << fixed << setprecision(20); } } iosetup; template struct SparseTable { using Fn = std::function; SparseTable() = default; explicit SparseTable(const std::vector& a, const Fn fn) { init(a, fn); } void init(const std::vector& a, const Fn fn_) { fn = fn_; int n = a.size(), table_h = 0; lg.assign(n + 1, 0); for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i) { lg[i] = lg[i >> 1] + 1; } while ((1 << table_h) <= n) ++table_h; data.assign(table_h, std::vector(n)); std::copy(a.begin(), a.end(), data.front().begin()); for (int i = 1; i < table_h; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j + (1 << i) <= n; ++j) { data[i][j] = fn(data[i - 1][j], data[i - 1][j + (1 << (i - 1))]); } } } Band query(const int left, const int right) const { assert(left < right); const int h = lg[right - left]; return fn(data[h][left], data[h][right - (1 << h)]); } private: Fn fn; std::vector lg; std::vector> data; }; int main() { int n; cin >> n; vector r(n - 1); REP(i, n - 1) cin >> r[i], --r[i]; SparseTable st(r, [](int a, int b) -> int { return max(a, b); }); int ans = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n - 1;) { ++ans; i = st.query(0, i + 1); } cout << ans << '\n'; return 0; }