mod = 998244353


def main():
    import sys
    input = sys.stdin.readline

    def f(n):
        if n == 0:
            return 0
        ok = 0
        ng = n + 1
        mid = (ok + ng) // 2
        while ng - ok > 1:
            if mid ** 2 <= n:
                ok = mid
            else:
                ng = mid
            mid = (ok + ng) // 2
        res = ok

        ok = 0
        ng = n + 1
        mid = (ok + ng) // 2
        while ng - ok > 1:
            if 2 * mid ** 2 <= n:
                ok = mid
            else:
                ng = mid
            mid = (ok + ng) // 2
        res += ok

        #d = n.bit_length()
        #res += d // 2

        return res

    for _ in range(int(input())):
        l, r = map(int, input().split())
        print((f(r) - f(l - 1)) % 2)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()