#include <stdio.h>

long long int func(long long int k)
{
	long long int ans = (long long int)1e16;
	long long int min = 0, max = (long long int)1e16;
	while(min<=max)
	{
		long long int h = (min+max)/2;
		if(h>=1e8) max = h-1;
		else if(h*h>k) max = h-1;
		else
		{
			ans = h;
			min = h+1;
		}
	}
	return (ans+1)/2;
}

int main()
{
	int T;
	scanf("%d",&T);
	while(T--)
	{
		long long int a,b;
		scanf("%lld%lld",&a,&b);
		a--;
		int ans = 0;
		while(a<b)
		{
			long long int val = func(b) - func(a);
			ans += val%2;
			a/=2, b/=2;
		}
		printf("%d\n",ans%2);
	}
}