#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int T;
    cin >> T;
    while (T--)
    {
        long l, r;
        cin >> l >> r;
        long v = (int)sqrtl(r) - (int)sqrtl(l - 1);
        v += (int)sqrtl(r / 2) - (int)sqrtl((l - 1) / 2);
        v = v & 1;
        cout << v << endl;
    }
}