def f(x):
    if x==0:return 0
    if x==1:return 1
    res=0
    for k in range(64):
        y=x//(2**k)
        m=int(y**0.5)
        if (m+1)**2<=y:m+=1
        if m**2>y:m-=1
        res+=(m+1)//2
    return res
T=int(input())
for _ in range(T):
    l,r=map(int,input().split())
    print((f(r)-f(l-1))%2)