def sqrt(n):
    m = int(n**0.5)
    if m*m > n: m -= 1
    if (m+1)**2 <= n: m += 1
    return m
def count(n): return sqrt(n)+sqrt(n//2)
for _ in range(int(input())):
    l, r = map(int, input().split())
    print((count(r)-count(l-1))%2)