def f(n):
    l, r = 0, 10 ** 9
    while r - l > 1:
        m = (l + r) // 2
        if m * m <= n:
            l = m
        else:
            r = m
    return l % 2

t = int(input())
for _ in range(t):
    l, r = map(int, input().split())
    l -= 1
    print((f(r) - f(r // 2) - f(l) + f(l // 2)) % 2)