def calc(x):
    count = 0
    l = 0
    r = 10**10
    while r > l + 1:
        m = (r+l)//2
        if m**2 <= x:
            l = m
        else:
            r = m

    count += l

    l = 0
    r = 10**10
    while r > l + 1:
        m = (r+l)//2
        if m**2*2 <= x:
            l = m
        else:
            r = m
    count += l
    return count

def solve():
    l,r = map(int,input().split())
    ans = calc(r)-calc(l-1)
    return ans%2


t = int(input())
for _ in range(t):
    print(solve())