#floor(a^(1/k)) を求める.
def Floor_Root(a,k):
    """floor(a^(1/k)) を求める.

    a:非負整数
    k:正の整数
    """
    assert 0<=a and 0<k
    if a==0: return 0
    if k==1: return a

    #大体の値を求める.
    x=int(pow(a,1/k))

    #増やす
    while pow(x+1,k)<=a:
        x+=1

    #減らす
    while pow(x,k)>a:
        x-=1
    return x
#==================================================
def g(x):
    return Floor_Root(x,2)+Floor_Root(x//2,2)
#==================================================
import sys
input=sys.stdin.readline
write=sys.stdout.write

T=int(input())
Ans=[0]*T
for t in range(T):
    L,R=map(int,input().split())
    Ans[t]=(g(R)-g(L-1))%2

write("\n".join(map(str,Ans)))