local mfl, mce = math.floor, math.ceil
local msq = math.sqrt
local q = io.read("*n")
local function sq(x)
  local y = mfl(msq(x))
  if (y + 1) * (y + 1) <= x then y = y + 1 end
  return y
end
for iq = 1, q do
  local l, r = io.read("*n", "*n")
  local c = sq(r) - sq(l - 1)
  c = c + sq(mfl(r / 2)) - sq(mfl((l - 1) / 2))
  print(c % 2)
end