#pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; typedef long long int ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; mt19937_64 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count()); ll myRand(ll B) { return (ull)rng() % B; } inline double time() { return static_cast(chrono::duration_cast(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count()) * 1e-9; } int main(){ cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); int q; cin >> q; while(q--){ ll L,R; cin >> L >> R; auto solve=[](ll p)->ll{ ll l = 0, r = 2e8; while(r-l>1){ ll mid = (l+r)/2; ll u = (mid+1)/2; ll x; if(mid%2 == 0){ x = u*u*2; } else{ x = u*u; } if(x < p){ l = mid; } else{ r = mid; } } return l; }; cout << (solve(R+1)-solve(L))%2 << "\n"; } }