import itertools as iter
import collections as coll
import heapq as hq
import bisect as bis
from decimal import Decimal as dec
from functools import cmp_to_key
import math
import sys
#import pypyjit
#pypyjit.set_param('max_unroll_recursion=-1')
sys.setrecursionlimit(10 ** 6)
inp = sys.stdin.readline
input = lambda : inp().rstrip()
getN = lambda : int(inp())
getNs = lambda : map(int, inp().split())
getList = lambda :list(map(int, inp().split()))
getStrs = lambda n : [input() for _ in [0] * n]
def yexit(): print("Yes"); exit(0)
def nexit(): print("No"); exit(0)
pi = 3.141592653589793
mod = 1000000007
MOD = 998244353
INF = 4611686018427387903
dx = [1, 0, -1, 0];	dy = [0, 1, 0, -1]

def isqrt(n):
	rn = math.sqrt(n)
	ok = int(rn - 2)
	ng = int(rn + 2)
	while(ng - ok > 1):
		k = (ok + ng) >> 1
		if(k * k <= n):
			ok = k
		else:
			ng = k
	return ok


"""
Main Code
"""

for _ in [0] * getN():
	a, b = getNs()
	ans = 0
	l = isqrt(a);	l += (l * l < a)
	r = isqrt(b)
	ans += r - l + 1
	l = isqrt(a // 2);	l += (l * l * 2 < a)
	r = isqrt(b // 2)
	ans += r - l + 1
	print(ans & 1)