#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using P = pair<ll,ll>;
#define fix(x) fixed << setprecision(x)
#define asc(x) x, vector<x>, greater<x>
#define rep(i, n) for(ll i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
template<class T>bool chmin(T&a, const T&b){if(a>b){a=b;return 1;}return 0;}
template<class T>bool chmax(T&a, const T&b){if(a<b){a=b;return 1;}return 0;}
const ll MOD = 998244353;
int main(){
    cin.tie(nullptr);
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    ll n,x,y,ans=0;
    cin >> n >> x >> y;
    vector<ll> cnta(18,0), cntb(18,0), dp(18,0), dp2(18,0);
    rep(i,x){
        ll a;
        cin >> a;
        rep(j,18){
            cnta[j] += (a&1);
            a >>= 1;
        }
    }
    rep(i,y){
        ll a;
        cin >> a;
        rep(j,18){
            cntb[j] += (a&1);
            a >>= 1;
        }
    }
    ll tot = 1, t = x * y % MOD;
    rep(i,n){
        rep(j,18) dp2[j] = ((tot - dp[j]) * cnta[j] + dp[j] * x) % MOD;
        dp = dp2;
        rep(j,18) dp2[j] = dp[j] * cntb[j] % MOD;
        dp = dp2;
        tot = tot * t % MOD;
    }
    rep(i,18) ans = (ans + (1<<i)*dp[i]) % MOD;
    cout << (ans+MOD)%MOD << '\n';
    return 0;
}