import java.io.BufferedReader
import java.io.InputStream
import java.io.InputStreamReader
import java.lang.AssertionError
import java.util.*
import kotlin.math.abs
import kotlin.math.max
import kotlin.math.min

val MOD = 998244353
fun powMat(a: Array<LongArray>, n: Long, mod: Int): Array<LongArray> {
  fun I() = run {
    Array(a.size){
      val res = LongArray(a.size)
      res[it] = 1
      res
    }
  }

  if (n == 0L) return I()
  if (n == 1L) return a
  val res = powMat(mulMat(a, a, mod), n / 2, mod)
  return if (n % 2 == 1L) mulMat(res, a, mod) else res
}

fun mulMat(a: Array<LongArray>, b: Array<LongArray>, mod: Int): Array<LongArray> {
  assert(a[0].size == b.size)
  val len = a[0].size
  val h = a.size
  val w = b[0].size
  val res = Array(h){LongArray(w)}
  val th = 7e18.toLong()
  for (i in 0 until h) {
    for (j in 0 until w) {
      var v = 0L
      for (k in 0 until len) {
        v += a[i][k] * b[k][j]
        if (v > th) v %= mod
      }
      res[i][j] = if (v >= mod) v % mod else v
    }
  }
  return res
}
fun powMod(a: Long, n: Long, mod: Int): Long {
  if (n == 0L) return 1
  val res = powMod(a * a % mod, n / 2, mod)
  return if (n % 2 == 1L) res * a % mod else res
}
class Solver(stream: InputStream, private val out: java.io.PrintWriter) {
  private val reader = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(stream), 32768)

  fun solve() {
    val N = nl()
    val (X, Y) = na(2)
    val A = na(X)
    val B = na(Y)
    var ans = 0L
    for (i in 0 until 20) {
      var x = 0
      var y = 0
      for (j in 0 until X) {
        if (A[j] shr i and 1 == 1) x++
      }
      for (j in 0 until Y) {
        if (B[j] shr i and 1 == 1) y++
      }
      val a = (y.toLong() * (X-x)) % MOD
      val b = y.toLong() * x % MOD
      val mat = arrayOf(
        longArrayOf(a, b),
        longArrayOf(0, X.toLong()*Y.toLong()%MOD)
      )
      val f0 = arrayOf(
        longArrayOf(0),
        longArrayOf(1)
      )
      val An = powMat(mat, N, MOD)
      val vec = mulMat(An, f0, MOD)
      val v = vec[0][0]
      debug{"i:$i v:$v x:$x y:$y"}
      ans = (ans + v * (1L shl i)) % MOD
    }
    out.println(ans)
  }













































  private val isDebug = try {
    // なんか本番でエラーでる
    System.getenv("MY_DEBUG") != null
  } catch (t: Throwable) {
    false
  }

  private var tokenizer: StringTokenizer? = null
  private fun next(): String {
    while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer!!.hasMoreTokens()) {
      tokenizer = StringTokenizer(reader.readLine())
    }
    return tokenizer!!.nextToken()
  }

  private fun ni() = next().toInt()
  private fun nl() = next().toLong()
  private fun ns() = next()
  private fun na(n: Int, offset: Int = 0): IntArray {
    return IntArray(n) { ni() + offset }
  }
  private fun nal(n: Int, offset: Int = 0): LongArray {
    val res = LongArray(n)
    for (i in 0 until n) {
      res[i] = nl() + offset
    }
    return res
  }

  private fun na2(n: Int, offset: Int = 0): Array<IntArray> {
    val a  = Array(2){IntArray(n)}
    for (i in 0 until n) {
      for (e in a) {
        e[i] = ni() + offset
      }
    }
    return a
  }

  private inline fun debug(msg: () -> String) {
    if (isDebug) System.err.println(msg())
  }

  /**
   * コーナーケースでエラー出たりするので、debug(dp[1])のように添え字付きの場合はdebug{}をつかうこと
   */
  private inline fun debug(a: LongArray) {
    debug { a.joinToString(" ") }
  }

  private inline fun debug(a: IntArray) {
    debug { a.joinToString(" ") }
  }

  private inline fun debug(a: BooleanArray) {
    debug { toString(a) }
  }

  private inline fun toString(a: BooleanArray) = run{a.map { if (it) 1 else 0 }.joinToString("")}

  private inline fun debugDim(A: Array<LongArray>) {
    if (isDebug) {
      for (a in A) {
        debug(a)
      }
    }
  }
  private inline fun debugDim(A: Array<IntArray>) {
    if (isDebug) {
      for (a in A) {
        debug(a)
      }
    }
  }
  private inline fun debugDim(A: Array<BooleanArray>) {
    if (isDebug) {
      for (a in A) {
        debug(a)
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * 勝手にimport消されるのを防ぎたい
   */
  private fun hoge() {
    min(1, 2)
    max(1, 2)
    abs(-10)
  }

  private inline fun assert(b: Boolean) = run{if (!b) throw AssertionError()}
  private inline fun assert(b: Boolean, f: () -> String) = run{if (!b) throw AssertionError(f())}

  companion object {
    // TestRunnerから呼びたいので単純なmainじゃだめ
    fun main() {
      val out = java.io.PrintWriter(System.out)
      Solver(System.`in`, out).solve()
      out.flush()
    }
  }
}

/**
 * judgeから呼ばれる
 */
fun main() = Solver.main()